The Charter Acts played a crucial role in institutionalizing the British colonial administrative structure by establishing legal frameworks and guidelines for governance.
The Charter Acts played a significant role in institutionalizing the British colonial administrative structure.
These acts were a series of legislative measures enacted by the British Parliament to regulate and govern the East India Company's activities in India.
They established a framework for the Company's administration, introducing reforms and strengthening its control over British territories in India.
The Charter Acts granted the Company authority to administer justice, collect revenue, and make policies in the regions under its control.
They also established a system of checks and balances, introducing boards and committees to oversee various aspects of governance.
The acts aimed to streamline and centralize the administrative structure, providing a foundation for British colonial rule in India.
They played a crucial role in shaping the governance system and laying the groundwork for the eventual transfer of power from the Company to the British Crown.
For more such questions on British colonial:
https://brainly.com/question/1922042
#SPJ11
Please help me as fast as possible! I really need help! I’ll mark as brainliest for correct answers. Please help
janissaries were soldiers taken from christian families, converted to islam, and paid:____.
Janissaries were soldiers taken from Christian families, converted to Islam, and paid a salary by the Ottoman Empire.
The Janissaries were an elite military corps in the Ottoman Empire that existed from the 14th to the 19th century.
They were recruited from Christian families, primarily from the Balkans, through the devshirme system. Young boys were taken from their families, converted to Islam, and trained to become loyal soldiers of the Ottoman Empire.
The Janissaries played a significant role in the Ottoman military and were known for their discipline, loyalty, and effectiveness in combat. They were provided with regular salaries, pensions, and privileges, which made them a distinct social and political group within the empire.
Over time, however, the Janissaries became a powerful and influential force within the empire, often exerting political influence and resisting reforms. Their privileges and resistance to change eventually led to their decline and eventual abolition in 1826 during the reign of Sultan Mahmud II. The Janissary corps was disbanded through a series of purges and reforms as the Ottoman Empire sought to modernize its military and centralize its power.
Learn more about effectiveness here:
https://brainly.com/question/30694590
#SPJ11
As it gained power in Europe, Roman and medieval Catholicism contended with pre-Christian festivals and the agricultural cycle bya. replacing pagan traditions with newly devised rites.b. aiming to eradicate these pagan practices completely.c. declaring all pagan customs to be sinful and blasphemous.d. integrating them into Christian holy days and biblical teachings.
As Roman and medieval Catholicism gained power in Europe, it competed with pre-Christian festivals and the agricultural cycle primarily by integrating them into Christian holy days and biblical teachings (option d). The approach taken by the church was not to eradicate pagan practices completely or condemn them as sinful and blasphemous. Instead, the church integrated them into Christian holy days and biblical teachings.
This was done by replacing pagan traditions with newly devised rites, which drew upon the symbolism and meaning of the pre-Christian practices. By doing this, the church was able to incorporate elements of the pagan world into its own theology and liturgy, while at the same time maintaining its authority and influence. This process of integration allowed the church to make use of existing cultural practices and traditions while adapting them to fit within its own framework of beliefs and values.
As Roman and medieval Catholicism gained power in Europe, it contended with pre-Christian festivals and the agricultural cycle primarily by integrating them into Christian holy days and biblical teachings (option d). This strategy allowed the Church to incorporate existing customs and traditions, making it easier for people to adopt Christianity. Rather than completely eradicating or replacing pagan practices, the Church oftenadapted them to fit within the new Christian framework, which helped in the conversion process and ensured a smoother transition for the population.
To know more about Christian holy days visit :
https://brainly.com/question/29462812
#SPJ11
in 1860 what groups accounted for three-fourths of all foreign-born americans?
Answer:
Irish and German
Explanation:
In 1860 what groups accounted for three-fourths of all foreign-born Americans? Irish and German
In 1860, three-fourths of all foreign-born Americans were accounted for by two main groups: the Irish and the Germans.
The Irish had been immigrating to the United States in large numbers since the early 1800s due to famine and economic hardship in Ireland. By 1860, the Irish made up the largest foreign-born group in the country, with an estimated population of 1.6 million.
The Germans, on the other hand, began immigrating to the United States in large numbers in the mid-1800s, primarily due to political unrest and economic hardship in Germany. By 1860, the German population in the United States had grown to approximately 1.2 million, making them the second largest foreign-born group in the country.
These two groups, the Irish and the Germans, accounted for a significant portion of the foreign-born population in the United States in 1860, with their cultural, social, and economic contributions playing a significant role in shaping American society at the time.
To know more about Germans visit:
https://brainly.com/question/31567885
#SPJ11
What are two ways that show how Susan B. Anthony was brave
Include links to websites
Susan B. Anthony was brave as she battled for women's and African American suffrage, or the right to vote. she also spoke out against slavery.
Susan voted in the presidential election of 1872 and was detained as a result. With the passage of the 19th Amendment in 1920, women were finally granted the right to vote.
Bravery was displayed by Susan B. Anthony. She voted even though she was aware that doing so might result in incarceration because she believed it was unfair that women didn't enjoy the same level of freedom as males. Because she fought for what she believed in for most of her life, she demonstrated tenacity.
Learn more about Susan B. Anthony, here;
https://brainly.com/question/14130938
#SPJ1
in 1831, which pair came to america with the intention to study the newly minted prison system?
Answer:
Beaumont and Tocqueville
Explanation:
In 1831, Beaumont and Tocqueville came to America with the intention to study the newly minted prison system.
The famed French sociologist Alexis de Tocqueville visited the United States in 1831 to investigate the country's prisons and penitentiaries. The Massachusetts State Prison was the first real jail when it originally opened in 1785, immediately following the American Revolution.
Then came Pennsylvania in 1794 and Connecticut in 1790. The Pennsylvania system and the Eastern Penitentiary were the two American prison systems that prevailed in the early nineteenth century. This is so because the Pennsylvania system supported criminal justice reform and because the Eastern Penitentiary had a reputation for housing some of the most renowned offenders in the entire globe. San Quentin was the country's first private prison, however it is currently a facility run by the government.
To know more about penitentiaries, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/30085495
#SPJ4
In 1992, the worst civil disturbance in Los Angeles history occurred in response to what event?
A. the trial of O. J. Simpson
B. the acquittal of the police officers involved in the Rodney King beating
C. the shooting of Los Angeles mayor Tom Hayden
D. the clearing of hundreds of acres of inner-city land for public housing projects
According to the given question, the correct option is B, which refers to the worst civil disturbance in Los Angeles history that occurred in 1992 in response to the acquittal of the police officers involved in the Rodney King beating. The incident sparked outrage and protests across the city, which eventually turned into riots.
The Rodney King beating was a clear example of police brutality toward the African American community, and the acquittal of the officers involved was seen as a miscarriage of justice. The riots resulted in over 50 deaths and thousands of injuries, as well as millions of dollars in damages to businesses and homes. The event highlighted deep-seated racial tensions in the city and sparked conversations about police reform and social justice.
In 1992, the worst civil disturbance in Los Angeles history occurred in response to event B, the acquittal of the police officers involved in the Rodney King beating. This event sparked widespread outrage and led to days of protests, violence, and looting, resulting in significant property damage and the loss of life. The acquittal was seen as a miscarriage of justice, and the ensuing civil unrest highlighted longstanding issues of racial tension and inequality in the city.
To know more about civil disturbances, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28335962
#SPJ11
in guernica, there is no specific reference to the destruction of basque's capital city, guernica, which was destroyed by air raid on april 26, 1937.
true
false
This statement is False. Pablo Picasso's painting "Guernica" was created as a response to the bombing of Guernica, the Basque capital, by German and Italian air forces on April 26, 1937, during the Spanish Civil War.
Although the painting does not include specific visual references to the city of Guernica, it is a powerful symbolic representation of the destruction and suffering caused by the air raid. The painting features various scenes of pain, chaos, and despair, with elements such as a grieving woman holding a dead child, a dismembered soldier, a bull, and a horse to symbolize the violence and devastation experienced by the citizens of Guernica. Picasso's use of black and white further emphasizes the somber and tragic nature of the event. In conclusion, while there may not be an explicit depiction of Guernica's destruction in the painting, the artwork is deeply connected to and inspired by the tragic event.
To know more about guernica visit:
https://brainly.com/question/3501902
#SPJ11
What is the leading hypothesis for what might have brought about the extinction of the dinosaurs?A. A new diseaseB. Massive volcano eruptionsC. Competition from mammalsD. An asteroid impact
The leading hypothesis for what might have brought about the extinction of the dinosaurs is D. An asteroid impact.
The Chicxulub Crater, located in the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico, is believed to have been formed by the impact of a massive asteroid that struck Earth approximately 66 million years ago. The impact caused widespread fires, tsunamis, and extreme climate changes, leading to the extinction of over 75% of all species on Earth, including all non-avian dinosaurs.
The asteroid impact hypothesis is supported by a variety of scientific evidence, including the discovery of the Chicxulub Crater, the presence of iridium, a rare metal that is only found in asteroids, and the presence of glass spheres, which are believed to be formed by the melting of rock due to the intense heat of the impact.
Learn more about An asteroid impact.
https://brainly.com/question/8123911
#SPJ4
How did urbanization affect the emergence of cities and factories in Canada?
Answer:
LOOK AT IMAGE. MARK AS BRAINLIEST. TY AND PLEASE.
within three decades, the majority of the u.s. population will be made up of
The answer is D) immigrants. The U.S. Census Bureau projects that by 2050, the majority of the U.S. population will be made up of immigrants and their descendants.
The current population of the U.S. is around 330 million people, and the Census Bureau estimates that the population will reach about 441 million by 2060. Immigrants and their descendants are expected to account for 88% of that growth.
The other answer choices are incorrect because: A) While the percentage of workers under the age of 40 is projected to increase, it is not expected to represent the majority of the population.
B) Non-English speakers and Caucasians are already a significant portion of the U.S. population.
C) While immigrants can include both legal and illegal residents, the Census Bureau only counts legal residents in their population projections.
E) Minorities already make up a significant portion of the U.S. population.
Learn more about U.S. Census Bureau
https://brainly.com/question/30672105
#SPJ4
Full Question ;
Within three decades, the majority of the U.S. population will be made up of
A) workers under the age of 40.
B) non English speakers.
C) Caucasians.
D) immigrants.
E) minorities.
in addition to russia, which other country used the concept of the vanguard to spark a revolution?
Answer:
The answer is Cuba.
the exchange of land for service or money in the middle ages resulted in a political system that:
The exchange of land for service or money in the Middle Ages resulted in a political system that Created many different types of ties, both horizontal and hierarchal.
The exchange of land for service or money in the Middle Ages resulted in a political system that was based on feudalism. This system granted the nobility the right to own land in exchange for their loyalty and service, including military service. This system provided a way to maintain power and control over the lower classes. The nobles were given full control of their land, including the power to tax the peasants living on it.
This system also granted the King a great deal of power, as he could grant land to loyal followers and could reward them with more land for their loyalty and service. The peasants also had certain rights, such as the right to use the land for their own needs. This system of exchanging land for service or money allowed the nobles and the King to maintain their power, while still providing some protection and rights to the peasants.
To know more about tax , click here:
https://brainly.com/question/12611692
#SPJ4
The Question-
The exchange of land for service or money in the Middle Ages resulted in a political system that___________.
the average number of storm-related deaths attributed to flooding from 1985 to 2014 was ________.
The correct option is B, The average number of storm-related deaths attributed to flooding from 1985 to 2014 was 83.
A storm is a powerful and turbulent atmospheric disturbance characterized by intense weather conditions. It typically involves a combination of strong winds, heavy rain or snow, thunder, lightning, and sometimes hail or even tornadoes. Storms can vary in size, duration, and intensity, ranging from localized thunderstorms to large-scale cyclones or hurricanes.
Storms occur due to the interaction of different air masses with varying temperatures, moisture levels, and pressure systems. Warm air rising and cool air descending create instability, leading to the formation of clouds and precipitation. Thunderstorms, for example, result from the rapid upward movement of warm, moist air in unstable atmospheric conditions, which triggers the formation of towering cumulonimbus clouds.
To know more about Storm refer to-
brainly.com/question/31456170
#SPJ4
Complete Question:
The average number of storm-related deaths attributed to flooding from 1985 to 2014 was ________.
A). 73
B). 83
C). 96
D). 66
you may choose any composition that you believe it plays an important role in music history in any genre. any genre includes non-classical such as pop, rock (classic or hard), hip-hop, electronic. folksong, disco, dance, latin, reggae, etc, no limit applied. and of course you may select composition(s) from baroque or classical period if you prefer.
One composition that played a significant role in music history is "Like a Rolling Stone" by Bob Dylan, released in 1965.
This iconic song is considered a pivotal moment in the evolution of popular music, specifically in the genre of folk rock.
"Like a Rolling Stone" marked a departure from Dylan's earlier acoustic folk sound and introduced a more electric, rock-oriented sound. The song's lyrics, delivered with Dylan's distinctive vocal style, resonated with a generation seeking social and political change. It became an anthem of the counterculture movement and is often regarded as one of the greatest songs ever recorded.
The composition's impact extended beyond its immediate release, influencing subsequent generations of musicians and songwriters. It challenged the traditional boundaries of popular music and showcased the potential for meaningful and introspective lyrics within the genre. Its innovative use of electric instruments also paved the way for the emergence of folk rock as a genre, blending folk traditions with the energy and attitude of rock music.
"Like a Rolling Stone" remains a cultural touchstone, an embodiment of the 1960s spirit, and a testament to the power of music to inspire change and transcend genres. Its enduring popularity and influence solidify its important role in the history of music.
Learn more about oriented here:
https://brainly.com/question/31034695
#SPJ11
what is meant by "american exceptionalism"? in what ways is the united states different from the rest of the world and how is it similar?
American exceptionalism is the idea that the United States is unique and exceptional in its history, culture, and political system. It is often used to describe the belief that America has a special destiny and role in the world.
This idea is based on several factors, including America's founding principles of democracy, individualism, and liberty, as well as its economic and military power.
In many ways, the United States is different from the rest of the world. It is the world's largest economy and military superpower, and it has a long history of innovation and creativity in science, technology, and the arts. The American political system is also unique in its focus on individual rights and freedoms, with a constitution that guarantees freedom of speech, religion, and the press.
At the same time, the United States is similar to other countries in many ways. Like other developed nations, it faces challenges such as inequality, social and political divisions, and environmental issues. It also shares common values with other democracies, including the importance of human rights, the rule of law, and the protection of minorities.
Overall, American exceptionalism reflects the belief that the United States has a unique and important role to play in the world. While it is different from other countries in many ways, it is also similar in its shared values and challenges.
You can learn more about exceptionalism at: brainly.com/question/30811386
#SPJ11
T/F : the xit ranch land in north texas was granted to former spanish/mexican families who had lost their land in south texas.
True.
The XIT Ranch, located in North Texas, was indeed granted to former Spanish/Mexican families who had lost their land in South Texas.
During the 1800s, Anglo settlers began to move into South Texas and push out many of the Mexican landowners who had lived there for generations. In response, the Mexican government granted large tracts of land in North Texas to these displaced families as a way to compensate them for their losses. The XIT Ranch was one of the largest of these grants, covering over 3 million acres of land. The ranch was eventually sold to a group of investors, who turned it into a successful cattle ranching operation and helped to shape the economy of North Texas for many years to come.
In summary, the XIT Ranch is an important part of Texas history, representing both the struggles and resilience of Mexican landowners in the face of Anglo expansion in the state.
To know more about North Texas visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30388267
#SPJ11
x Using the information in the video and your
knowledge of politics, the Warren Court is
usually classified as being
√x
A
B
Liberal
Conservative
The Warren Court is typically classified as being liberal because its mostly judge on expanding of civil liberties and protecting individual rights.
What is the ideological classification of the Warren Court?The Warren Court is the Supreme Court during the tenure of Chief Justice Earl Warren from 1953 to 1969 which is commonly characterized as a liberal court. This period marked a significant shift in the Court's jurisprudence with decisions that expanded civil liberties, protected individual rights and promoted social justice.
The Court issued landmark rulings in areas such as desegregation in public schools (Brown v. Board of Education), criminal procedure rights (Miranda v. Arizona) and the right to privacy (Griswold v. Connecticut).
Read more about Warren Court
brainly.com/question/10051912
#SPJ1
virginia’s colonial policy of requiring native americans to move to reservations:
Virginia's colonial policy did not involve requiring Native Americans to move to reservations.
Instead, the English colonial policy towards Native Americans in Virginia during the colonial period was characterized by land encroachment, conflicts, and displacement.
The English settlers sought to expand their territory and establish permanent settlements, leading to tensions and clashes with Native American tribes. The settlers often pushed Native Americans off their traditional lands, leading to displacement and the erosion of Native American territories.
However, it is important to note that the concept of reservations, as we understand them today, did not exist during the colonial period. The reservation system was implemented later during the westward expansion of the United States in the 19th century.
To know more about Virginia refer to-
https://brainly.com/question/19497558
#SPJ11
Complete question
Does Virginia's colonial policy involve requiring Native Americans to move to reservations ?
Final!!!!
Explain the following image in an essay, not more than 5 pages
50 points and mark brainlist
The reason was because their interests were rooted in the preservation of their own power and privilege rather than creating a truly inclusive and just society.
Why were the ideas of slave owners in the?During the 1700s, slavery was an integral part of the economies and social structures of many societies. The slave owners who held positions of power were primarily concerned with maintaining their wealth and control over enslaved individuals.
Their perspectives and actions were shaped by a system that dehumanized and exploited others for personal gain. As a result, their focus was on preserving their own privileges rather than establishing a government that prioritized equality, freedom and the well-being of all individuals.
Read more about white slave owner
brainly.com/question/1116729
#SPJ1
HELP!!
Read the story of the wolf and the house dog. After reading consider the Aesop story and write the moral lesson of the story
The moral of the story is that both freedom and security have advantages and disadvantages. While having the freedom to do as you choose may seem enticing, it also has its share of dangers and difficulties. Having security and protection, on the other hand, may necessitate toil and sacrifice, but it also delivers a sense of safety and stability. It's critical to weigh all available options and make decisions that reflect your priorities and values.
Answer:
The Dog and the Wolf is one of Aesop's Fables, numbered 346 in the Perry Index. It has been popular since antiquity as an object lesson of how freedom should not be exchanged for comfort or financial gain.
known as "the way of the warrior," the strict code of the japanese retainer was called
Known as "the way of the warrior," the strict code of the japanese retainer was called Bushido.
Bushido, meaning "the way of the warrior," was the strict code of conduct followed by the Japanese retainers, also known as samurai. Bushido emphasized principles such as loyalty, honor, self-discipline, and moral integrity. It served as a guide for samurai in their actions, behavior, and ethical decision-making. The code emphasized the importance of courage, self-sacrifice, and obedience to one's lord.
Samurai were expected to embody these virtues and adhere to the principles of Bushido in their personal and professional lives. The code of Bushido played a significant role in shaping the samurai class and their role in Japanese society, emphasizing a strong sense of duty, martial skill, and moral character.
Learn more about Bushido
https://brainly.com/question/14433989
#SPJ4
Complete Question:
known as "the way of the warrior," the strict code of the japanese retainer was called___.
in the post–world war ii era, the term third world was used to refer to latin america and
Explanation:
After World War II, the term "Third World" was used to describe countries that were not aligned with the United States or Soviet Union. Latin America was often included in this group of countries that were still developing their economies and struggling with issues such as poverty and political instability. Today, the preferred term for describing these countries is "developing countries."
Which was the most important concern of vietnam war hawks?
Answer:
The hawks felt that America needed to be involved in Vietnam to defeat communism and protect America's way of life. They believed anticommunist South Vietnam needed to be defended and worried about a possible domino effect and threats to America if communism were allowed to expand.
Explanation:
The most important concern of Vietnam War hawks was the perceived threat of communist expansion.
These individuals believed that if South Vietnam fell to communism, it would create a domino effect in Southeast Asia, leading to the spread of communism throughout the region. They saw the conflict as a critical battle in the global struggle against communism, with grave implications for American national security.
The hawks argued that a strong military intervention was necessary to prevent the establishment of a communist stronghold in Southeast Asia, as part of the containment policy against communism. They believed that failure to act decisively would undermine American credibility and embolden communist movements around the world.
To know more about Vietnam War visit:
https://brainly.com/question/30134557
#SPJ2
What can you tell about Harriet Tubman from her actions?
Answer: By her actions you can tell that she is a fearless person that cares about others.
Give me your opinion on the civil war. Are there times when the Constitution should be violated? Why or why not? show me what your resources are(no Wikipedia)
The Northern bloc's influence was shifted in its favor by the Civil War. More than two-thirds of the time—49 of the 72 years—since the Constitution's establishment in 1789 and ending in 1861 were presided over by slaveholders from states that joined the Confederacy.
Between the United States of America and the Confederate States of America, a group of eleven southern states that seceded from the Union in 1860 and 1861, was fought the American Civil War. Long-standing differences in the legitimacy of slavery were a major factor in the conflict's initiation.
When it came to the national government's ability to outlaw slavery in the territories that had not yet become states, the free and slaveholder states had unyielding disagreements that led to the outbreak of the Civil War.
Learn more about the Civil War here:
https://brainly.com/question/11874600
#SPJ1
How did Canada's entry into WWII differ from its entry into WWI?
Answer:
I POSTED MULTIPLE IMAGES. HOPE THEY HELP, MARK AS BRAINLIEST. THANK YOU AND PLEASE
english exploration of the north american continent in the 17th century was hindered by
English exploration of the North American continent in the 17th century faced various hindrances, including Native American resistance, Lack of resources and supplies etc.
Native American resistance: Native American tribes often resisted English colonization attempts, engaging in conflicts and wars to defend their lands and sovereignty.Harsh weather and unfamiliar terrain: The harsh North American climate and unfamiliar geographical features presented challenges to English explorers, especially in regions such as New England and the Northeast.Lack of resources and supplies: English expeditions often faced shortages of essential resources and supplies, including food, tools, and equipment necessary for survival and establishing settlements.Competition with other European powers: The English had to contend with rival European powers, such as the French and the Dutch, who also sought to establish colonies and control territory in North America.Limited financial resources and support: English exploration efforts were sometimes hindered by limited financial backing from the crown or private investors, which restricted the scale and scope of their expeditions.Navigation and mapping challenges: Navigational tools and maps of the time were less precise, making it difficult to accurately navigate and map the vast North American coastline.To know more about colonization refer to-
https://brainly.com/question/30900919
#SPJ11
Richard Nixon’s strategy to build a Republican majority for 1972 included all of the following EXCEPT
a. hard-hitting attacks by Vice President Spiro Agnew on liberals and the media
b. gaining support in the South by slowing down court-ordered busing for desegregation
c. appointment of southern conservatives to the Supreme Court
d. establishing positive relationships with the national media and liberal press
You have read three passages about studies involving the behavior of elephants:
• "Elephants Can Lend a Helping Trunk"
• from "Elephants Know When They Need a Helping Trunk in a Cooperative Task"
• "Elephants Console Each Other"
Write an essay analyzing each author's purpose in describing the studies of elephant behavior, and compare the information about the behavior of elephants each author presents in the passages. Remember to use evidence from all three passages to support your response.
each author's purpose in describing the behavior of elephants is unique, highlighting different aspects of these animals' behavior and intelligence. However, all three authors provide evidence of the cooperative, intelligent, and empathetic nature of elephants, challenging traditional perceptions of animals as unfeeling and unintelligent.
The three passages about studies involving the behavior of elephants each have a unique purpose in describing the behavior of these animals. The author of "Elephants Can Lend a Helping Trunk" seeks to highlight the cooperative and altruistic nature of elephants, while the author of "Elephants Know When They Need a Helping Trunk in a Cooperative Task" aims to provide a more detailed and scientific analysis of this behavior.
In "Elephants Can Lend a Helping Trunk," the author's purpose is to showcase the cooperative and selfless nature of elephants. The author presents anecdotes and examples of elephants helping each other in various ways, such as using their trunks to lift and support each other. The author's tone is positive and celebratory, highlighting the unique and admirable qualities of these animals.
In contrast, "Elephants Know When They Need a Helping Trunk in a Cooperative Task" takes a more scientific approach to studying the cooperative behavior of elephants. The author presents the results of a study in which elephants were tested on their ability to work together to solve a problem. The author's purpose is to provide a more detailed analysis of the mechanisms behind this behavior, highlighting the cognitive abilities and intelligence of elephants.
Finally, "Elephants Console Each Other" focuses on the emotional intelligence and empathy of elephants. The author presents evidence of elephants comforting and consoling each other in times of distress, highlighting the complex emotional lives of these animals. The author's purpose is to challenge the notion that animals lack emotions or empathy, and to showcase the unique qualities of elephants.
for more such questions on passages
https://brainly.com/question/24217588
#SPJ11