What type of logical error underlies the argument that black people were inferior? genetic fallacy begging the claim hasty generalization ad populum.

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Answer 1

Option a) The type of logical error underlies the argument that black people were inferior is genetic fallacy.

The genetic fallacy is also known as fallacy of virtue or fallacy of origin.

Genetic fallacies are irrelevant fallacies in which arguments or information are discarded or verified based solely on their source of origin rather than their content.

In other words, claims are either ignored or made credible based on their sources rather than the claims themselves.

Stating that black people were inferior, is one of the examples of Genetic fallacy.

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Answer 2

Answer: A. Genetic Fallacy

Explanation:

Edge 2023


Related Questions

How do you know if you've signed up for selective sevices?

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Selective Service registration is required for nearly every male US citizen and male immigrant between the ages of 18 and 25. It is essential to comprehend that even if a man registers, he will not necessarily be drafted into the military.

However, the Selective Service Act was required because, by the time the United States of America declared war on Germany on April 6, 1917, a sufficient number of American men had either not enlisted or volunteered to build, train, and immediately deploy an army.

In order to accomplish this, Congress enacted the Selective Service Act, which Wilson signed into law on May 18, 1917. The law required every American man between the ages of 21 and 30 to sign up for military service. Within a short period of time, approximately 10 million men across the nation signed up for the military draft.

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What was the war cry of the public and newspapers after what happened to the USS Maine?

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United States "In bold headlines, the "yellow press" accuses Spain, infuriating the populace and inspiring the shout "Remember the Maine! Never mind Spain!" This incident, which resulted in the deaths of over 260 crew members, helped to spark the Spanish-American War.

What makes the USS Maine significant?The Spanish-American War began on February 16, 1898, after the U.S. Navy ship The Maine collapsed in Havana Harbor. To garner more attention, American media claimed that the Spanish were at fault for the ship's demise. A U.S. Naval Court of Inquiry concluded in March that the ship was blown up by a mine without expressly condemning Spain for the incident.The majority of Congress and the American public called for a declaration of war and voiced little doubt that Spain was to blame. In January 1898, the USS Maine, a second-class battleship constructed between 1888 and 1895, was dispatched to Havana to defend American interests during the island nation's protracted uprising against the Spanish government. The Maine sank in the early hours of February 15, 1898, when her forward gunpowder magazines burst.

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What sets the number of Representatives?

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Based on population, the number of representatives in the house was determined. Public Law 62-5, passed on August 8, 1911, established the number of representatives with full voting rights at 435. This number has been in place since 1913. According to population, each state has a certain number of representatives.

Each state is required by the Constitution's Article I, Section II to have at least one U.S. Representative, but the number of representatives the state sends to the House is proportional to its population. Additionally, there cannot be more than one representative for every 30.000 people.

There are 435 members of the US House of Representatives who can vote. The population determines how many U.S. Representatives each state has. Due to their higher population, certain states have more representatives. There are more representatives in states with large populations.

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What is the main message of The Scarlet Letter?

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Guilt and social stigma are a key issue in The Scarlet Letter, as seen by Dimmesdale's internal shame and dread of discovery as well as Prynne's public humiliation.

The tale of Adam and Eve is compared to Hester and Dimmesdale's experience since both involve pain and banishment as a result of sin. Nevertheless, it also leads to knowledge, more precisely, understanding of what it means to be a person. Hester "speculates" about her society and herself more "boldly" than anyone else in New England because the scarlet letter serves as "her passport into territories where other women dared not venture." Dimmesdale, on the other hand, has "sympathies so intimate with the guilty brotherhood of mankind, so that his heart vibrates[s] in harmony with theirs," due to the "weight" of his sin. His lectures are eloquent and compelling because of his sensitivity.

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What is Clovers full name?

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The deuteragonist of the "Totally Spies!" franchise is Clover. She is Samantha and Alexandra's closest friend and fellow spy. She works as a WOOHP agent.

What name does Clovers go by?

Along with her best pals and fellow spies Samantha and Alexandra, Clover Ewing is a spy/student and one of the main characters in Totally Spies! Clover is the most frequently abducted of the three females in order to become the villain's queen.

The father of Clovers?

A significant character in the 2019 horror short Taste is Clover's Father. Before consuming the flesh he was asked to sell and becoming a cannibalistic Freak, he was a delivery man for Monsino Farms. Actor Timothy Hildebrand plays him.

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adam committed capital murder when he was 16 years old. under texas state law, when can he legally be transferred to an adult prison? group of answer choices after he has served 10 years in a juvenile facility immediately upon conviction when he reaches age 19 if he commits another crime while an inmate in a juvenile facility

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Adam was under 16 years old when he committed capital murder. According to Texas state law, he will be transferred to an adult prison when he turns 19 years old.

What is an adult prison?

An adult prison is a correctional facility that is designed to hold individuals who have been convicted of crimes and are 18 years of age or older. Adult prisons are typically run by federal, state, or local governments and are intended to hold individuals who have been sentenced to serve time for their crimes.

What is the purpose of an adult prison?

The primary purpose of an adult prison is to hold individuals who have been convicted of crimes and are serving time as a punishment for those crimes. Adult prisons are intended to serve as a deterrent to crime by imposing consequences for illegal behavior and providing a secure environment for individuals who pose a threat to public safety.

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Coach Carver has created a new team game for his students to play. It involves sprinting, tagging, and throwing a ball. Each team consists of 30 to 40 students. Which place is the safest to play the game?

an outdoor basketball court
an empty classroom
a gymnasium
a football field

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Coach Carver has created a new team game for his students to play. It involves sprinting, tagging, and throwing a ball. Each team consists of 10 to 20 students. Football Field place is the safest to play the game. Thus correct option (d)

Coach Carver has created a new team game for his students to play. It involves sprinting, tagging, and throwing a ball. Each team consists of 10 to 20 students. The place that is the safest to play the game is a football field.

A football or a soccer field is the safest place to play this game because students have a field that is 100 yards long, 54 width, to do whatever they want to do in a safe environment. No obstacles, no wholes in the ground, a great turf surface, and all the space they need to have fun.

When devising creative and fun games like this, safety is of the utmost priority and there have to be minimum risks. SO by the number of students involved and the kind of balls they are going to use, a football field is the best place to play.

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Why do you think that human are unable to oberve rock changing from one type to another?

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The rock cycle is impacted by various human activities. The rock cycle is influenced by a variety of factors, including soil erosion and weathering, that are influenced by human activities.

Human movement, for example, mining influences rocks' enduring, influencing the stone cycle

Are you aware of the various types of rock that are evolving?

The rock cycle refers to the process by which rocks change from one form to another. Igneous rocks, for instance, are formed when molten magma cools down. Under intense pressure, it then disintegrates into sediments, resulting in sedimentary rock. Under extreme pressure and heat, the same rock can undergo metamorphism.

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How often did Jay Gatsby hold parties at his mansion?

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Every weekend, Jay Gatsby throws parties at his estate. In The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby's parties exemplify the shallowness of a upper class.

Jay Gatsby is the titular fictitious character in F. Scott Fitzgerald's 1925 book The Great Gatsby. The character is indeed an enigmatic new rich millionaire that lives in a lavish Long Island estate and frequently gives extravagant parties, and who supposedly made his fortune through illegal bootlegging throughout prohibition in the U.s. Fitzgerald based many elements about fictional character on Maximilian Gerlach, a mystery neighbor and World War I soldier to whom author encountered while living in New York during in the riotous Jazz Age. Scholars have studied Jay Gatsby's character for many decades, giving rise to a variety of critical interpretations. Because of his obscurity, scholars have proposed that Gatsby acts as a cipher.

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An entrepreneur has an idea for a new product in the technology industry. The product will require an initial investment to develop, manufacture, market, and distribute the product. While the product has unique applications that are not currently available to consumers, the industry has barriers to entry in terms of consumer brand loyalty, manufacturing, and product distribution. The entrepreneur is trying to decide what type of business organization to create for the production and sale of the product. For which goal would the entrepreneur be best served by choosing to start a corporation rather than a sole proprietorship or partnership?.

Answers

Raising capital for manufacturing and distribution is the goal that the entrepreneur be best served by choosing to start a corporation rather than a sole proprietorship or partnership.

The biggest advantage of a public company is that it allows entrepreneurs to raise capital from a variety of investors.

Anyone who buys stock in a company invests their money and helps entrepreneurs raise capital. If a project requires a large amount of capital, the best option is to form a legal entity.

Sole proprietorships or partnerships have limited financial resources for financing, so unlimited liability does not help.

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what is the most significant physical development of middle childhood, in terms of setting the stage for the development of new skills and the pursuit of new activities? group of answer choices boys overtake girls in height, weight, and motor skills. children experience an increased incidence of illnesses and a decreased risk of accidents. there is improvement in fine motor coordination that makes it possible to write, play a musical instrument, paint, and draw. there is development of gross motor skills that make possible activities such as running, kicking with alternating feet, balancing, and throwing.

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Option c) Improvement in fine motor coordination that makes it possible to write, play a musical instrument, paint, and draw the most significant physical development of middle childhood.

Children in mid-childhood undergo major changes in brain growth and development. During this stage of development, the child's body not only grows, but also improves coordination and physical ability. Children pay more attention to excel in school and take more responsibility for their health and nutrition.

Middle age includes the period from infancy to adolescence, with children between the ages of 6 and 12. Although exponential growth can occur, physical growth rates have generally been slow and steady over the last few years.

Then, between ages 10 and 12, the frontal lobe continues to develop, revealing improvements in logic, planning, and memory.

Improvement in fine motor coordination that makes it possible to write, play a musical instrument, paint, and draw is the most significant physical development of middle childhood.  in terms of setting the stage for the development of new skills and the pursuit of new activities

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What is the main function of judicial review quizlet?

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The main function of judicial review is to review laws of the Congress and the acts of the executive branch in behalf of the Constitution, with the possibility which they will rule them to be unconstitutional. The Supreme Court can determine the state and local governments with this power as well.

What is judicial review?

Judicial review is the ability of the courts of a country to determine the actions of the legislative, executive, and administrative branches of the government and to examine whether the actions are consistent with the constitution.

Judicial review is a kind of court proceeding whereby a judge reviews the lawfulness of a decision or an action performed by a public body. In another words, judicial reviews are a challenge to the way where a decision has been decided, rather than the rights and the wrongs of the conclusion achieved.

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Why is it called comparative advantage?

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The ability to generate more or better goods and services than competitors is referred to as having an absolute advantage. The ability to create goods and services at a lower opportunity cost, not necessarily at a higher volume or quality, is referred to as having a comparative advantage.

What are the goods?

The term Goods are products and resources that satisfy people's needs and wants. A good can be a natural science object, a provided service, or some accumulation of the two. Just about anything is good if it supplies some kind of benefit to consumers.

The economic theory known as "comparative advantage," first put forth by 19th-century British economist David Ricardo, claimed that differences in relative opportunity costs—or the price paid for forgoing the production of one good in favor of another—are what drive international trade and its advantages.

Therefore, Having an absolute advantage is being able to produce more or better goods and services than rivals.

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Threat Awareness and Reporting Program (TARP)

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Program for Threat Awareness and Reporting (TARP) Insider threats are made aware to the military community by the U.S.

Army Threat Awareness and Reporting Program (TARP). Any information about known or suspected international terrorism, information system intrusions, theft or illegal diversion of military technology, sabotage, subversion, or known or suspected espionage must be reported by Department of the Army personnel to counterintelligence. The training will last around one hour and cover the TARP requirements of insider threat indicators, terrorism, subversion, and espionage. Threat Awareness and Reporting Program Training Requirement (TARP) Threat Awareness and Reporting Program (TARP) training is required for all DA staff annually, according to Army Regulation 381-12. Its main goals are to increase joint force preparedness and effectiveness by helping to advance doctrine, planning, operations, training, equipment, leadership and education, staffing, infrastructure, and policy (DOTMLPF-P).

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ATI learning systems 3.0 Nursing Care of Children 1

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For ATI learning methods, first limit physical contact with the child. 3.0 Nursing Care for Children.

A children is a stage of development of a human being between birth and puberty, or between infancy and puberty. [3] A minor, often known as a person under the age of majority, is generally referred to as a child in the legal definition of the term. [1] Compared to adults, children typically have fewer rights and obligations. They are categorized as being unable to make important decisions.

Children can also refer to a relationship with a parent (such as sons and daughters of any age)[4] or, symbolically, an authority figure. It can also denote collective membership in a clan, tribe, or religion; for example, "a child of nature" or "a child of the Sixties."

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What events led up to women's suffrage?

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First Women's Rights Convention led up to women's suffrage movement.

The suffrage movement was a series of campaigns by women's rights activists to secure the right to vote in various countries during the 19th and early 20th centuries. The main goals of the suffrage movement were to achieve equality for women and to give women a voice in the political process.

The movement was led by passionate women who believed that all human beings should be treated equally, regardless of gender. These women were fighting for something greater than themselves, and their efforts helped pave the way for future generations of women.

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What three things do you need to look at in order to classify a government?

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categorization based on eligibility. the regional dispersion of political influence. the connection between the executive (law-executing) and legislative (law-making) departments of government.

Three criteria may be used to categorise governments: (1) Who is permitted to take part in the political process. (2) The state's geographic division of governmental authority. (3) The interaction between the executive (law-enforcing) and legislative (law-making) arms of the government. Models of transformation, bureaucracy, and technology were separated. The technocratic approach is defined as having a less political component and being focused on the delivery of services. Political connections and leadership are strongly institutionalised in bureaucratic models. The executive, legislative, and judicial branches make up the three parts of the government.

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What is the meaning of demand-pull?

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In contrast to cost-push, demand-pull refers to an increase or upward trend in the amount of spendable income that tends to enhance competition for available products and services and a commensurate increase in consumer prices.

Demand-pull inflation is a form of inflation that happens when an economy's demand for goods and services exceeds its ability to supply them, pushing up prices. Many things, including rising consumer spending, rising government expenditure, and rising exports, can contribute to this.

The price of everything in the economy may rise as a result of manufacturers having to raise prices to keep up with the rising demand for products and services. In contrast, cost-push inflation takes place when prices rise as a result of rising production costs.

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who among the following has the highest risk for cardiovascular problems? jo, who is easy-going and calm. pat, who is aggressive and hot-tempered. jesse, who is focused and competitive. dom, who is ambitious and successful.

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According to the circumstances described in the problem, Pat has the greatest risk of developing cardiovascular issues.

Cardiovascular: What is it?

A illness that damages the heart or blood vessels, pronounced (KAR-dee-oh-VAS-kyoo-ler dih-ZEEZ). Smoking, blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, a poor diet, inactivity, and obesity may all raise one's chance of developing various cardiovascular illnesses.

What is among the initial indications of cardiovascular issues?

chest discomfort, tightness, pressure, and pain in the chest (angina) respiration difficulty. Back, head, jaw, throat, upper belly, or back pain. If the blood arteries in the legs or arms are restricted, those bodily parts may experience pain, numbness, weakness, or coldness.

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Acquaintances, friends, and relatives may have problems adjusting to a patient's altered condition as _____.

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Acquaintances, friends, and relatives may have problems adjusting to a patient's altered condition as Social Interaction Issues in Chronic Illness- Negative Responses from Others

In the social sciences, a social relation or social interaction is the basic analytical unit that refers to any voluntary or unvoluntary interpersonal relationship between two or more people within or between groups.Exchange, competition, conflict, collaboration, and accommodation are the five basic types of social interaction.No matter your age—from two to 102—social interactions are the foundation of all relationships between two or more people. They are how we behave and respond to those around us. Physical gestures, nonverbal cues, verbal exchanges, play, sharing, and other activities are all part of these interactions.

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What is the conflict in Baker v Carr?

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According to the complaint, the 1901 statute results in an apportionment that denies the appellants equal protection under the law, which is against the Fourteenth Amendment.

Although there is some controversy over the exact meaning of the law, it is generally understood to be a set of regulations that are made and enforced by social or governmental institutions to control behavior. Science and the art of justice have both been used to describe it. Statutes can be created by a group of legislators or a single lawmaker, the administration can issue decrees and regulations, or courts can set precedents—usually in common law jurisdictions—to establish laws that are enforced by the state. Private individuals have the ability to make legally enforceable agreements, such as arbitration clauses that substitute arbitration for traditional court action. The rights enshrined in a constitution, whether it be written or unwritten, may have an impact on the laws as they are being made.

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What made Mansa Musa usa a strong leader? How was he different from other Mali leaders?

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Mansa MusaHe Musa was the strongest greatest leader of the Mali kingdom, and he effectively established a wealthy economy for Mali, which would last over a lifetime for his people.e increased literacy and he effectively established a successful economy for Mali that would last over a lifetime.

In which state potato production is more?

Answers

With a 31.26% production share in the current year, Uttar Pradesh leads all other states in the production of potatoes, followed by West Bengal, Bihar, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh with respective shares of 23.29%, 13.22%, 7.43%, and 6.20%.

What is production?

Production is the process of mixing multiple inputs, both immaterial (such as plans or information) and material (such as metal, wood, glass, or polymers). In a perfect world, this output would be a product or service that is useful to people and has value.

The primary goal of BCFB is to introduce agriculture to the county's youngsters. BROWNFOOT — Bingham County is the epicenter of the potato universe because it produces more potatoes than any other county in Idaho and the country combined.

Therefore, Uttar Pradesh is the state that produces the most potatoes, accounting for 31.26% of the total this year.

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What is demand-pull inflation also called?

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Excess demand inflation is another name for demand-pull inflation. This kind of inflation happens when the overall demand for products and services in an economy rises, pushing up prices.

Excess demand for products and services at the original price level results in an increase in prices when producers raise their prices to balance the market, which is why it is known as "excess demand inflation."

A different sort of inflation known as "cost-push inflation" exists in opposition to "demand-pull inflation," which happens when manufacturing costs rise and higher prices follow. Increases in the price of labor, energy, or raw materials can all contribute to this.

Demand-pull inflation, often referred to as excess demand inflation, is a form of inflation brought on by an increase in the economy's overall demand for goods and services.

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Did the Federalists believe in democracy?

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The Federalist Party was a conservative group and the country's first political party.

Are Federalists Democratic?

They supported representative democracy as opposed to direct democracy, weaker state governments, strong centralized governments, indirect elections for public officeholders, and lengthier term limits for incumbents.

The Federalist Party was the nation's first political party and was a conservative organization. As a result, under Alexander Hamilton, it dominated the federal government from 1789 to 1801.

The issue of the size of the government split these two political groups. While Democratic-Republicans felt that state governments should be more powerful than the federal government, Federalists fought for a robust central government.

The Federalist Party was a pioneering national political party in the United States that supported a strong central government. It was in charge from 1789 until 1801, while the country's political party system was beginning to take off.

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How important is the conceptual framework before proceeding to the rigid writing of a research?

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A conceptual framework allows one to get a basic idea about what they are studying and how to progress further with their studies.

Why does a conceptual framework in research matter?

You must have the necessary knowledge to do research, which is a crucial component of graduate school coursework. In order to conduct a serious study on challenges and problems that call for an acute eye to discover the gaps in knowledge in the endeavor to produce solutions or answers that serve a purpose, your undergraduate research experience may not be (or is not) adequate to provide you the motivation.

This theory continues by asserting that, as a graduate student, you must make a difference—not show indifference—in addressing the problems that perplex so many people—the unexplored, unidentified, or insufficiently understood phenomena.

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What is a celebration after birth of baby?

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They include Greets, Sip & See, Welcoming Baby Showers, Post Baby Bath, Post-Baby Shower, and Meet the Baby Ball.

What does the KJV definition of "meet" mean?

The Hebrew language for the phrase "help fit for him" properly means "a companion suited to, worth of, or matching to him," according to a reference to Samuel 2:18 in the LDS translated the bible (note 18b). The word meet was translated as "help meet" by the King James translators.

What does the word "meet roots mean?

Old English metan means "to discover, find for; fall in with, face, enter together in the same place with; obtain," and Middle English mten comes from this root. Proto-Germanic *motjanan is also the basis and Old Norse maeta, Old Frisian metaphysical, Old Saxon motian "to meet," and Gothic gamotijan. equivalent to Old English

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What was the impact of the Pendleton Act ?

Answers

Act says that positions in the federal government must be given based on qualifications, and candidates must pass competitive exams. The statute prohibited firing or demoting protected personnel for political purposes.

What is Pendleton Act?

The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act was enacted into law by the 47th Congress of the United States in 1883. According to the statute, the majority of jobs in the federal government must be filled on the basis of merit rather than political favoritism.

Up to the President's assassination in 1881, proponents of the spoils system were effective in preventing substantive reform of the civil service.

The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act was approved by the 47th Congress during its lame-duck session, and President Chester A. Arthur authorized its implementation.

According to the Pendleton Civil Service Act, some government personnel may be chosen through competitive examinations.

Additionally, it outlawed the dismissal or demotion of government employees for political purposes. Federal personnel were covered by the law.

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Lydia walks into walmart on black friday. she needs to find the technology section but has never been to this location before and has a difficult time understanding her surroundings because the store is so busy. lydia decides to focus on the signs above the crowd to help her find her way. which stage of the perception process best describes her initial decision to choose to look at the signs?

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The stage of the perception process best describes her initial decision to choose to look at the signs is the sensory stimulation and selection.

Perception is the process by which you perceive the world around you and understand of it in your mind. Like in the sample above how Lydia decides to focus on the signs and ignores other irrelevant information. You accomplish this through stimuli that affect your five senses: sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste. It also matters how you combine these senses. The process of sensory stimulation and selecting, organizing, and interpreting information is known as perception. This process involves the perception of specific stimuli that pass through our perceptual filters, are organized into our pre-existing structures and patterns, and are then interpreted based on prior experiences.

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when compared to a justice with a philosophy of judicial restraint, a justice with a philosophy of judicial activism is more likely to

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A justice with a philosophy of judicial activism is more likely to Overturn an existing law.

Judicial activism is a method of exercising court review or a description of a specific judicial decision in which a judge is often seen to be more inclined to evaluate constitutional concerns and invalidate legislative or executive acts.

Although disagreements over the right function of the judiciary extend back to the establishment of the American republic, the term "judicial activism" appears to have been created in 1947 by American historian Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. in a Fortune article.

Although the phrase is commonly used to characterize a court judgment or ideology, it can have numerous meanings, and even if speakers agree on which interpretation is intended, they frequently disagree on whether it accurately represents a certain ruling.

Activism is just the antonym of restraint when defined in this sense. It is not derogatory, and studies indicate that it does not have a constant political connotation. Both liberal and conservative judges may be activists in this regard, albeit conservatives are more likely to invalidate federal legislation and liberals are more likely to invalidate state laws.

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Caleb earns $_____ per hour_______ than Hassan. ^ more or less Identify the answer choice that correctly orders the types of cells from least to most differentiated. (1 point). What law do you use for SSS? What happened in act 2 of Hamlet? What math do 11th graders take? you own a portfolio that has $3,100 invested in stock a and $4,100 invested in stock b. if the expected returns on these stocks are 9 percent and 12 percent, respectively, what is the expected return on the portfolio? (do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answer to 2 decimal places. (e.g., 32.16)) portfolio expected return % ITS DUE TODAY HELP At a football stadium, 2% of the fans in attendance were teenagers. If there were 290 teenagers at the football stadium, what was the total number of people at the stadium? Which of the following is an example of intrastate mutual aid? In a class of students, the following data table summarizes how many students havecat or a dog. What is the probability that a student chosen randomly from the classdoes not have a cat or a dog?Has a dogDoes not have a dogHas a cat Does not have a cat74612 How do you compare and contrast three things in an essay? What is Realtor Code ethics? How can I make my business more carbon neutral? What are the 10 examples of relative clause? TRUE/FALSE. gary's nursery is using a crm system. marketer's for gary's nursery putsignifi cant resources into the crm, because the crm is a core business and thecompany is customer-centric. Who does the dogs in Animal Farm represent in the Russian Revolution? How many rows and columns are there in Excel 2013? interpret the association. during george bush's presidency there was a strong negative correlation between the stock market performance and his approval ratings. therefore, it can be concluded that: question 14 options: approval ratings tended to rise as stock prices rose. higher approval ratings were the result of a better performing stock market. approval ratings tended to fall as stock prices rose. lower approval ratings were the result of a better performing stock market. Victories by the Continental army in which battle prompted France to provide support? the battles of Princeton and Fort Lee the battles of Harlem Heights and Fort Lee the battles of Princeton and Trenton the battles of Harlem Heights and Trenton Think about the gametes each parent plant will produce. List the allele in each gamete.Parent plant with white flowers: Gamete 1: Gamete 2: Gamete 3: Gamete 4: Parent plant with red flowers: Gamete 1: Gamete 2: Gamete 3: Gamete 4: (Logical) means persuading by the use of reasoning. This will be the most important technique we will study, and Aristotle's favorite. We'll look at deductive and inductive reasoning, and discuss what makes an effective, persuasive reason to back up your claims. Giving reasons is the heart of argumentation, and cannot be emphasized enough. We'll study the types of support you can use to substantiate your thesis, and look at some of the common logical fallacies, in order to avoid them in your writing.EX:Let us begin with a simple proposition: What democracy requires is public debate, not information. Of course it needs information too, but the kind of information it needs can be generated only by vigorous popular debate. We do not know what we need to know until we ask the right questions, and we can identify the right questions only by subjecting our ideas about the world to the test of public controversy. Information, usually seen as the precondition of debate, is beter understood as its by product. When we get into arguments that focus and fully engage our attention, we become avid seekers of relevant information. Otherwise, we take in information passively--if we take it in at all.Christopher Lasch, "The Lost Art of Political Argument"