The rate of reaction when 0. 4g of zinc trioxocarbonate (IV) reacted with dilute hydrochloric acid, zin chloride was produced and carbon (IV) oxide evolved if the reaction took 2minute is 0.0016 mol/min
The rate of reaction is the time taken for product molecules to appear or the time taken for reactant molecule to be converted and the rate of reaction = mole of product formed/time taken
And the equation of the reaction is
ZnCO₃ + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂O + CO₂
And the molar mass of zinc carbonate = 125.39 = 8g/mol
Mole of zinc carbonate converted = 0.4/125.38
Time taken = 2 min
Rate of reaction = 0.0032/2
Rate of reaction = 0.0016 mol/min
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Choose all of the following statements that are true about electron dot structures and valence electrons.
All stable atoms always have eight valence electrons.
Atoms can gain and lose electrons.
Atoms transfer electrons to become stable.
Stable atoms have a full outer shell.
Atoms cannot gain or lose electrons.
The following statements that are true about electron dot structures and valence electron include the following below:
All stable atoms always have eight valence electrons.Atoms can gain and lose electrons.Atoms transfer electrons to become stable.Stable atoms have a full outer shell.What is an Electron?This is referred to as a subatomic particle which has a negative charge and is involved in chemical reactions.
Atoms can gain and lose electrons so as to attain a stable octet configuration which is therefore the reason why stable atoms will always have eight valence electron and a full outer shell.
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A scientist measures the boiling point of saltwater in a lab at an altitude of 800 feet above sea level. A second scientist measures the boiling point of freshwater in a lab at an altitude of 200 feet above sea level. When the scientists compare the data, they conclude that the electrostatic forces in saltwater are equal in strength to the electrostatic forces in freshwater. In one to two sentences, explain how the scientists used the data to draw their conclusion and whether or not this conclusion is valid.
The electrostatic interactions between salt water molecules are stronger than those between salt water molecules because the boiling point of salt water is higher than that of fresh water.
What is electrostatic force?The electrostatic force is made up of electrically charged particles that exhibit both an attractive and a repulsive behavior. It is additionally called Columb's force. Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, a French scientist, would be honored by having the Columb attraction bear his name. However, electrostatic force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. Electrostatics is the analysis of electric charges when they are at rest.
What is the example of electrostatic force?Examples of electrostatic forces include running a piece of paper through our hair while using a comb to create an electrostatic field. When one balloon is brushed with hair, the other balloon becomes drawn to it.
Explanation:In general, the intensity of the electrostatic interactions between the molecules in either type of water can be gauged from the boiling temperatures of various substances. We will quickly discover that salt water has a boiling point that is significantly higher than those of fresh water, showing that the electrostatic interactions between salt water molecules are stronger than those between fresh water molecules.
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when two objects collide, a force is exerted on each object. the two forces are exerted in __________ directions, but they are the ___________ strength.
PLEASE!!!
When two objects collide, a force is exerted on each object. the two forces are exerted in opposite directions, but they are in different strength.
What is force?Force is defined as the physical strength.
By Newton's first law of motion,
A body moving or in rest remains in motion or in rest until or unless no external force exertes on the body.
By newton second law of motion,
the force is directly proportional to the rate of change of momentum.
Mathematically,
F = ma
When a body collide and move backward or change it's path by exerting some amount of force. The force which is exerted on the body is always opposite due to which they move backward.
Thus, we concluded that when two objects collide, a force is exerted on each object. the two forces are exerted in opposite directions, but they are in different strength.
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The energy of the metal d orbitals _________ due to an increase in electrostatic repulsion?.
The energy of the metal d orbitals distributing a charge of −6 due to an increase in electrostatic repulsion.
What is crystal field theory?
The ability of transition metals to form complexes is a key property. A complex is made up of a core metal atom or ion surrounded by a number of ligands. Crystal field theory governs the interaction of these ligands with the core metal atom or ion.
Crystal field theory was developed in 1929 and treats the interaction between metal ion and ligand as a purely electrostatic phenomena, with the ligands seen as point charges in the region of the central atom's atomic orbitals. Crystal field theory was developed and extended to account for the partly covalent character of bonding between ligands and metal atoms, primarily through the application of molecular orbital theory.
To accurately grasp the crystal field interactions in transition metal complexes, knowledge of the geometrical or spatial distribution of d orbitals is required. In a free gaseous metal ion, the d-orbitals are fivefold degenerate. If a spherically symmetric field of negative ligand filled charge is imposed on a central metal ion, the d-orbitals remain degenerate but the energy of the free ion changes.
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3) Why does the Hydrogen (H) become Helium (He) after a decay? (You may have to look at a Periodic Table to determine this).
A series of nuclear events that transform four protons into the helium nucleus, two positrons, and two neutrinos result in the fusion of hydrogen into helium.
What is decay ?Transformation of one element into another, typically with the emission of additional particles and energy.
There are four types decay as follows;
Beta Decay 2 neutrons and 2 protons were lost. Atomic mass decreases by 4, atomic number decreases by 2.
Alpha Decay A proton is created from one neutron. Atomic number increased by 1.
Particle Emission One proton transforms into a neutron.
Beta Decay A nucleus with a high energy output emits energy and stabilizes.
When two nuclei join together to form one atom, fusion processes take place. Two hydrogen atoms are fused together to create helium in the sun's reaction.
Thus, a series of nuclear events that transform four protons into the helium nucleus, two positrons, and two neutrinos result in the fusion of hydrogen into helium.
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what volume is occupied by 0.105 mol of helium gas at a pressure of 0.95 atm and a temperature of 295 k ?
2.67 L volume is occupied by 0.105 mol of helium gas at a pressure of 0.95 atm and a temperature of 295 k
Volume is defined as the space occupied within the boundaries of an object in three-dimensional space
Here given data is
Pressure = 0.95 atm
Temprature = 295 k
Number of mole of He gas = 0.105 mol
R = 0.0821 L.atm.K⁻¹mol⁻¹ = gas constant
We have to calculate volume = ?
So according to the ideal gas equation
PV = nRT
V = nRT/P
V = 0.105 mol × 0.0821 L.atm.K⁻¹mol⁻¹ × 295 k/0.95 atm
V = 2.67 L
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nitrogen has five valence electrons. consider the following electron configurations. which represents the ground state for n?
Nitrogen has five valence electrons, among the following electron configurations (image attached) option (a) represents the ground state for nitrogen.
The atomic number of nitrogen is seven, so the electronic configuration of nitrogen is as:
1s² 2s² 2p³
Electrons present in 2s and 2p are valence electrons, so the total number of valence electrons is 5. In the outer orbitals, 2s accommodates 2 electrons in the ground state. As we can see that only options (a) (d) and (e) have 2 electrons in 2s, so we consider these as the correct option. Option (d) is also wrong because it consists of outer electrons but the nitrogen has 5 outer electrons. Option (e) is also wrong because it has 6 outer electrons. So the only correct option is (a) having 5 outer electrons 2 in 2s and 3 in 2p.
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predict whether the following process results in an increase or decrease in the entropy of the system. explain. (a) crystalline table salt (nacl) is dissolved in water. entropy ---select--- because the number of particles increases. (b) gaseous argon condenses into liquid argon. entropy ---select--- because the phase of the substance changes from a highly disordered phase to a more orderly phase. (c) a rubber band at room temperature is cooled using liquid nitrogen. entropy ---select--- because the temperature decreases. (d) carbon monoxide gas is oxidized to carbon dioxide gas by molecular oxygen in the gas phase. entropy ---select--- because the number of gas phase particles decreases as a result of the reaction. need help?
Water dissolves crystalline table salt (nacl). because there are more particles, entropy —-select—-. (Choice A).
What's the purpose of argon?When a neutral atmosphere is required, argon is frequently employed. In this manner, titanium as well as other reactive elements are produced. Additionally, it is used in incandescent bulbs to prevent oxygen from disintegrating the filament and by welders can protect the weld region.
Are people harmed by argon gas?Higher concentrations might result in nausea, vomiting, disorientation, coma, and even death. For argon, no occupational exposure levels have been set. But there might be a health risk involved. Always adhere to safe work procedures.
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a solution is made up by dissolving 73 g of glucose in 966 g of water. calculate the activity coefficient of glucose in this solution if the solution freezes at -0.66 0c.
The activity coefficient of the given solution would be 0.85
What is activity coefficient in thermodynamics?
Activity coefficient is a major factor in the area of thermodynamics, it can be used to account for any deviations such as in the case of substances or chemical mixture.
If the solution is ideal then activity coefficient of glucose can be calculated in the following manner :
a = 0.66 k / Kf = 0.355 mol/kg
The molality of the solution is
m = 73 gm X 1mol / 180.16 g / 966 X 10-3kg = 0.419 mol/kg
The activity coefficient is y = a / n
y = 0.3555 mol/kg / 0.419 mol/kg = 0.85
This is how we can determine the activity coefficient.
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assignment: module 7 1. what are the components of a solution? describe those components. 2. water is a polar solvent and hexane is a nonpolar solvent. which solvent would each of the following most likely be soluble in? a. ethanol (c2h5oh) b. octane (c8h18) c. potassium chloride d. hydrogen peroxide (h2o2)
The components of a solution are solute and solvent, such as solute is the substance that is being dissolved, whereas the solvent is the dissolving medium.
What is polar and non polar solvent?Polar solvents dissolve polar solutes and similarly non-polar solvents dissolve non-polar solutes. Water is a polar solvent and it dissolves salts and other polar molecules but not non-polar molecules such as oil.
a) Ethanol is soluble in both water and hexane.
b) benzene, carbon dioxide, and tetrachloromethane will be soluble in octane since these compounds are nonpolar.
c)Solubility of potassium chloride is maximum in water. Potassium chloride is an ionic solid and water is a polar solvent.
d)Hydrogen peroxide is soluble in water which is a polar.
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Which characteristic allows a gas to be compressed?
OA. Its particles are in constant contact.
OB. Its particles have little energy.
OC. Its particles are spread far apart.
OD. Its particles have no motion.
Because there is so much empty space between the gas particles, most of a gas' volume is made up of compressible gas molecules, Hence option c is correct. i.e, Its particles are spread far apart.
The greater compressible nature of gases compared to liquids or solids is explained by the kinetic-molecular hypothesis. The average distance between the gas molecules at standard pressure and room temperature is roughly 10 times the diameter of the molecules. Gas particles are pushed closer together when a gas is compressed, such as when the diving tank is then being filled.
There are various uses for compressed gases. Patients with damaged lungs are frequently given oxygen in hospitals to help them breathe better. When a patient is having a major procedure, a compressed gas is usually used to give anesthetic.
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lobal warming during the 21st century is expected to a. slow the thermohaline circulation of the ocean b. speed up the thermohaline circulation of the ocean c. slow the hydrologic cycle d. have no effect on the thermohaline circulation of the ocean
Accelerate the hydrologic cycle while decreasing the ocean's thermohaline circulation. (Choice b)
A hydrologic event is what?A hydrologic disaster is an incident that results in a major loss of life, material, and environmental harm that is brought on by changes to the hydrologic cycle. A shift in a watershed's typical hydrology due to natural or artificial factors is referred to as an adjustment of the hydrologic cycle.
What consequences does hydrology have?Watershed hydrology has a significant impact on the long-term viability of local ecosystems and the availability of water. Land use change & rising temperatures are two of these causes.
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is structure is correct due to the total number of bonds and electrons. this structure is incorrect due to the total number of electrons for the involved atoms. this structure is correct due to allowed exceptions to the octet rule for the involved atoms. this structure is incorrect because the octet rule is not fulfilled for all the atoms.
The octet rule refers to the tendency of atoms to prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell.
There are three violations to the octet rule are odd-electron molecules, electron-deficient molecules, and expanded valence shell molecules.
The octet rule refers to the tendency of atoms to favor to have eight electrons within the valence shell. while atoms have fewer than eight electrons, they tend to react and form greater solid compounds.
The octet rule refers to an crucial precept that the atoms which have bonded percentage eight outer electrons. This honestly method that the atom's valence shell has a resemblance with a noble gas. The octet rule states that the atoms like to have 8 electrons most effective of their complete outer shells.
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Disclaimer:- Your question is incomplete,please see below for the complete question.
H : Cl
A. This structure is correct due to the total number of bonds and electrons.
B. this structure is incorrect due to the total number of electrons for the involved atoms.
C. this structure is correct due to allowed exceptions to the octet rule for the involved atoms.
D. this structure is incorrect because the octet rule is not fulfilled for all the atoms.
the mass spectrum of gaseous cl which contains isotopes of mass numbers 35 and 37, consists of singly-charged peaks corresponding to m/e values of
The mass spectrum of gaseous cl which contains isotopes of mass numbers 35 and 37, consists of singly-charged peaks corresponding to m/e values is 78 m/z
A mass spectrum is simply the m/z ratios of the ion present in a sample plotted against their intensities and each peak in a mass spectrum show a component of unique m/z in the sample and height of the peak cannot the relative abundance of the various components in the sample and there are two molecular ion peak in the mass spectra of compound containing a single chlorine atom and this is because chlorine exist as two isotopes ³⁵Cl and ³⁷Cl and the mass spectrum of 2 chloropropane has peak at m/z is 78 due to molecular ion containing an atom of ³⁵Cl
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Why are the noble gases the most stable elements
on the periodic table?
Answer:
They have eight valence electrons, which fill their outer energy level
Explanation:
Noble gases are the least reactive of all elements. This is the most stable arrangement of electrons, so noble gases rarely react with other elements and form compounds.
Answer:
because their valance shell (outermost shell) is completed with the maximum number of electrons
Explanation:
In science class, the students planned and conducted an investigation to learn about the density of fresh and salty water. They used two beakers and placed an egg in each. Use the findings to explain how density depends on salinity and apply this idea to elaborate on what type of water rises above the other when a river meets the ocean.
The egg would be found to float on the sea water which is denser but would tend to sink in the fresh water which is less dense.
What is salinity?The term salinity has to do with the amount of salt that is present. A solution is very saline if there is a high concentration of salt in the solution. We know that sea water has a greater density than water. The reason why the density of the sea water is greater than the density of the pure water is that the sea water contains dissolved salts.
Now, we know that given the fact that the sea water is denser than the fresh water, it is easier for an object to sink in the fresh water than it does in the sea water which is denser. This is even observed in ships as there is a greater tendency to remain afloat in sea water than in salt water.
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which term best describes a chemical process in which the tempature increases
Answer:Chemical reactions that release energy are called exothermic. In exothermic reactions, more energy is released when the bonds are formed in the products than is used to break the bonds in the reactants. Chemical reactions that absorb (or use) energy are called endothermic.
Explanation:
Consider the following system at equilibrium where , and , at 1150 k: when 0.23 moles of o 2 are added to the equilibrium system at constant temperature: the value of increases decreases remains the same the value of is greater than is equal to is less than the reaction must run in the forward direction to reestablish equilibrium run in the reverse direction to reestablish equilibrium remain in the current position, since it is already at equilibrium the concentration of will increase decrease remain the same
1. Kc value:
C. remains the same.
2. Qc value:
C. remain the same.
3. The reaction is:
B. Qc < Kc, the reaction will move in the forward direction.
4. The concentration of N2 is:
A. increase.
Whilst the awareness of all of the reactants increases extra molecules or ions interact to form new compounds and the fee of reaction increases. while the attention of a reactant decreases, there are fewer of that molecules or ions present, and the rate of reaction decreases. If the concentration of reactants is multiplied, there are more reactant particles moving collectively.
Calculation:-
Removing product will shift the reaction in the direction of product as per Le chatelier Principle
So, Equilibrium moves to product side
Since temperature is not changing Kc would not change.
B)Since we are removing product and Qc = [product]/[recatant]
Value of Qc will decrease and hence Qc will be less than Kc
C)Since Qc < Kc, the reaction will move in forward direction.
D)O2 is product here and reaction is moving towards product.
So, concentration of O2 would increase.
There could be more collisions and so the reaction charge is multiplied. The higher the awareness of reactants, the faster the fee of a response will be. awareness can be improved by means of dissolving an extra solute in a given extent of a solution this will increase the mass of the solute. awareness may be accelerated by means of permitting some of the solvents to evaporate this decreases the extent of the solution.
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what are possible constraints, or challenges, which would prevent you from getting the features you listed?
The three primary constraints that project managers should be familiar with are time, scope, and cost.
What are some examples of constraints?
Stretched resources.Operational mishaps.Low performance.Lack of clarity.Scope creep.High costs.Time crunch.What are the 4 common types of constraints facing services?
The most common types of constraints facing service businesses are Time, Labour, Equipment, and Facilities.What types of situational restrictions are there?
A few instances from a typical workplace are an unpleasant temperature, a particularly obnoxious or loud coworker in the cubicle next to you, bad lighting, foul aromas, noisy equipment, or a supervisor who is overly demanding.What are some instances of societal restrictions?
To be more precise, we define social constraints as behavioural patterns that present possibilities for and place restrictions on the execution of engineering projects. Social restrictions may take the shape of official procedures like government laws or informal norms like cultural preferences.To know more about constraints, checkout this link:
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What is the volume of 5.0 grams of gasoline which has a density of 0.70 g/mL?
They find that 35 8 mL
The volume of 5.0 grams of gasoline which has a density of 0.70 g/ml is 7.14m3
What is Gasoline?Petroleum-derived clear flammable liquid known as gasoline or petrol is the main fuel for the majority of spark-ignited internal combustion engines. It mostly comprises of organic compounds made from petroleum fractional distillation that have been improved with various additions.
What do you mean by Density?Density is the measurement of how tightly a material is packed together. It is defined as the mass per unit volume.
Acc. to the given data
mass of gasoline = 5.0 g
density of gasoline=0.70g/ml
now to find the volume we use the following formula
V=m/p
V= 5.0/0.70
V=7.14m3
Hence, the volume of 5.0 grams of gasoline which has a density of 0.70 g/ml is 7.14m3
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b. if 100.0 ml of the original solution is placed in another beaker, what is the concentration of the solution in this beaker? (
Currently, it is being treated with hcl, and 18.5 ml of SCL will be required to treat the tribulation. Additionally, 0.1 Molar is provided to us as the Excel solution's modularity. We must now ascertain the energy concentration that was ingested into the beaker.
Therefore, we shall use the following formula: concentration times volume equals the concentration of HCL times volume. In order to get the answer, we will now substitute all the values. This applies to any that mentions "sparks at cl" Therefore, the quantity to be determined is 100 ml, which is equivalent to 18.5 times 0.1 molar. then from here Any initially present substance has a concentration of 0.0185. Thus, this is the solution.
How can one find the concentration of another solution?Subtract the solute's mass from the solution's overall volume. C = m/V, where m is the solute's mass and V is the entire volume of the solution, should be written down. Input the mass and volume data you discovered and divide them to determine the concentration of your solution.
What do you mean by the Concentration of Solution ?The amount of solute that has been dissolved in a specific volume of solvent or solution is measured by the solution's concentration. A solution that contains a significant amount of dissolved solute is said to be concentrated. A solution is said to be dilute if it only contains a little amount of dissolved solute.
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The heat of vaporization AHv, of ammonia (NH3) is 23.4 kJ/mol. Calculate the change in entropy AS when 23. g of ammonia boils at -33.5 °C.
The change in entropy of ammonia is 132.2 J/K.
Firstly calculating molar entropy by the formula -
∆S = ∆Hv/T, where ∆S is entropy, ∆Hv is heat of vaporization and T is temperature.
∆Hv = 23.4 × 10000
Performing multiplication
∆Hv = 23400 J/mol
T = -33.5 + 273
Performing subtraction
T = 239.5 K
Keep the values in formula to find molar entropy.
Molar ∆S = 23400 ÷ 239.5
Performing division
Molar ∆S = 97.7 J/mol K
∆S = molar ∆S × number of moles
∆S = 97.7 × (23/17)
Performing multiplication and division
∆S = 132.2 J /K
Hence, the entropy is 132.2 J/K.
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match each quantum number to the information it provides about an atomic orbital.
a. The principal quantum number n indicates_____
b. The angular momentum quantum number! indicates the____
c. The magnetic quantum number m, indicates the
d. The relative size of the orbital is related to the value of_____
The shape of the orbital is related to the value of so____
1. the quantum number n
2. the orientation of an orbital in space
3. de principal energy level
4. the quantum number I
5. sublevel of the orbital
The principle quantum number, n indicates the principal energy level.
The angular quantum number, l indicates the shape of orbital in space
The magnetic quantum number, m indicates the sublevel of the orbital
The relative size of the orbital is related to the value of quantum number n
The shape of orbital is related to the value of so the quantum magnetic number l.
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If the reaction occurs between K2CO3(aq) and Cu(NO3)2(aq) and the equation is properly balanced with the smallest whole-number coefficients, what is the sum of the coefficients for all reactants and products?
Cu2+ (aq) + CO32- (aq)
If a reaction occurs between K₂2CO₃ and Cu(NO₃)₂ and the equation is properly balanced with the smallest whole-number coefficients, the sum of the coefficients of the reactants and products will be 5.
Sum of the coefficients of a balanced equationThe reaction between K₂2CO₃ and Cu(NO₃)₂ is represented by the following chemical equation:
K₂2CO₃ and Cu(NO₃)₂ = CuCO₃ + KNO₃
However, the above equation is yet to be balanced. A balanced equation will have the same number of atoms of different elements in the reactants and in the products. The balanced version of the equation is written as:
Cu(NO₃)₂ + K₂CO₃ = --- CuCO₃ + 2KNO₃
The reactants/products with their respective coefficients are as follows:[Cu(NO₃)₂ - 1K₂CO₃ - 1[CuCO₃] - 1[KNO₃ - 2
Thus, the sum of all the coefficients for reactants and products will be:
1 + 1 + 1 + 2 = 5
In other words, if a reaction occurs between K₂CO₃ and Cu(NO₃)₂ and the equation is properly balanced with the smallest whole-number coefficients, the sum of the coefficients of the reactants and products is 5.
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The field of chemistry had incredible advancements in a very short time period, from the mid-1800s to the early 1900s. It was in this time period that the scientific community saw the need for the regulation of the growing number of chemical discoveries. What were the early committees trying to regulate?.
The early committees trying to regulate that how the newly discovered element were named
Before the regulation were applied to the field of chemistry and the element their characteristics and other information related to them were so disorganized that this was causing the progress in the field to slow down so the committees decided to regulate things such as the names of any newly discovered element and any properties it had so that it could be put to use in a more effective way
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An object with abet force of zero will not accelerate true or false
False
According to Newton's Second Law of Motion, the net force on an object is equal to the product of its mass
(M) and acceleration (A)
.
That is: F(net)= M×A
If the net force on the object is zero, the acceleration of the object is also zero.
However, this does not mean that the object is in rest. It means that the object will continue to maintain its state of rest or uniform motion, according to Newton's first law of motion. If the object was moving, it will continue to move with a constant velocity.
Hence, the statement is false.
a 0.08439 g0.08439 g sample of gas occupies 10.0 ml at 292.0 k292.0 k and 1.10 atm. upon further analysis, the compound is found to be 13.068% c13.068% c and 86.932% br.86.932% br. what is the molecular formula of the compound?
The molecular formula of the compound is C2br2.
Ideal gas law , PV=nRT
Here, p= 1.10 atm
v= 10.0ml
R=8.31m3pa/kmol
t=292.0k
n=0.08439g
Now, the atomic weight of C = 13.068/12.010= 1.08802
The atomic weight of Br= 86.932/79.904= 1.0879
Atomic weight is the mass of one atom of an element.
The ratio of c and Br is 1.08802/1.0879= 1/1.This is close to a 1:1 ratio.
Molar mass of the compound is the mass of the sample of the compound divided by the amount of the substance.
The molar mass of CBr is 91.9147.
So, using all the expressions we knew that the molecular formula of compound is C2Br2.
Molecular formula is the number of atoms in one molecule of a compound.ideal gas law relates the macroscopic properties of ideal gases.it describe the behaviour and properties of the gas.
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Question 1 (1 point)
Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between the
reactants and the products of a chemical reaction?
The total mass of the reactants must be less than the total mass of the products.
Products and reactants always have the same physical and chemical states.
Products always have a different physical and chemical state than reactants.
The total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products.
Answer: The total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products.
Explanation: This is because the mass of all reactants is the mass of all products. Remember that escaping gases from products can lessen the mass. But in all, all products have the same mass as the reactants. I hope this helps!
how many infrared photons of frequency 3.38 x 1013 hz would need to be absorbed simultaneously by a tightly bound molecule to break it apart? the binding energy of such a molecule is 10 ev. you should round your answer to the nearest integer.
66 infrared photons of frequency 3.38 x 1013 hz would need to be absorbed simultaneously by a tightly bound molecule to break it apart.
What is binding energy?
Binding energy is a required amount of energy that disperses the other particles of the reaction system. It measures the energy needed to free an electron or a subatomic particle.
Binding energy is the ionization energy that depicts how much energy will be needed if an electron has to be removed from an atom for a reaction to occur.
It can be said that the energy required to free an electron from the orbit of the atom is measured in electron volt (eV). It is a little different from ionization energy as binding energy can remove any subatomic particle and not just an electron.
Energy of a photon of frequency v is given by the relation
E = hv
where h has the value 6.63 x 10-34
from this relation the energy of our photon of frequency 3.66 × 1013 Hz is E = 6.63 x 10-34 x 3.66 x 1013 2.42658 × 10-20
Binding energy is the minimum energy required to break the bond which in our case is 10 x 1.6 x 10-19 1.6 x 10-187
so the total number of photons that are required to break the bond are
1.6 x 10-18 2.42658 x 10-20
n = 65.9364
n= 66
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liquid hexane will react with gaseous oxygen to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water . suppose 40. g of hexane is mixed with 88.6 g of oxygen. calculate the maximum mass of water that could be produced by the chemical reaction. be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
Maximum mass of water produced from the chemical reaction is calculated to be 58.46 gram.
What is chemical reaction?Chemical reaction is a process where one or more substances that is the reactants are converted to one or more different substances that is the products.
2C₆H₁₄ + 19O₂ --> 12CO₂ + 14H₂O
Stoichiometry of hexane to oxygen--> 2:19
number of moles hexane = 40 g / 86.2 g/mol = 0.464 mol
number of moles of oxygen =88.6 g / 32 g/mol = 2.76 mol
If we consider hexane is limiting reactant,
As, 2 moles of hexane reacts with 19 mol of oxygen
therefore, 19/2 x 0.464 = 4.408 mol
As 4.408mol of oxygen is present, which implies O₂ is in excess and therefore hexane is the limiting reactant.
stoichiometry of hexane to water --> 2:14
2 mol of hexane will give 14 mol of water
therefore, 14/2 x 0.464 = 3.248mol
mass of water formed is 3.248 mol x 18.0 g/mol
= 58.46 gram
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