Answer:
D) On smooth surface white spots
Explanation:
your welcome!
cyclodextrins are a group of compounds capable of removing cholesterol from membranes. the effect most likely to have a large impact on cells as a result of cyclodextrin treatment would be
Increased membrane fluidity at higher temperatures would be the effect of cyclodextrin treatment that is most likely to have a significant effect on cells.
What is cholesterol?A lipid that is essential for a healthy body and for the proper operation of cells. It is produced naturally in the liver and is absorbed from food as it travels through the intestines. All cells require it, and the bloodstream carries it.
A fluid buffer, cholesterol has this function. By preventing the membrane from getting too close, it keeps it more fluid even in extremely cold temperatures. It loses fluidity when the temperature is too high.
How does cholesterol function within the plasma membrane?It stabilizes the plasma membrane by preventing the phospholipids from moving around too much. Between the heads of the phospholipids, the OH group extends to the hydrophilic membrane surface.
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A scientist trying to amplify the green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene from a sample of jellyfish dna would primarily use which technology to separate the gfp gene from the rest of the dna? polymerase chain reaction gel electrophoresis artificial selection genetic engineering
The technology that needs to be used to separate the GFP gene from a sample of jellyfish from the rest of the DNA is gel electrophoresis.
What is gel electrophoresis?Gel electrophoresis is a technique used in molecular biology laboratories to separate molecules according to the electrical charges and size. DNA has a negative charge, thereby this molecule can be separated according to the size of its fragments that migrates to the positive pole.
Therefore, we can conclude that gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate fragments of DNA in a sample.
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What is the principle product of the calvin cycle that is exported from the chloroplast for use by the plant cell?.
The main calvin cycle byproduct that is exported from the chloroplast and used by the plant cell is trise phosphate.
What is Calvin cycle ?Calvin cycle, also known as the C3 cycle, is a series of chemical processes used by plants to convert carbon dioxide and other chemicals into glucose.
Three molecules of carbon dioxide are used in a full cycle, which results in the production of one molecule of the three-carbon chemical glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (Gal3P). Normally, the chloroplasts either export this three-carbon sugar phosphate or transform it internally into starch.Since the first stable compound in Calvin cycle is a 3 carbon compound (3 phosphoglyceric acid), the cycle is also called as C3 cycle. The reactions of Calvin's cycle occur in three phases.Learn more about Calvin cycle here:
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Biology !! Please help Glucose us broken down during ??
Answer: aerobic cellular respiration
Explanation: got u
Answer:
Glucose is broken down during cellular respiration.
Explanation:
Hope it helps! =D
Describe how a jaw breaker can be used to explain the Life cycle of a Star
Answer: Stars have diffrent layers
The population of Africa is increasing faster than any other continent. In addition, Africa is experiencing a "youth bulge." What is the MOST likely outcome if these trends continue?
A. There will be a larger workforce in Africa, improving their economies.
B. The economies in Africa will be challenged to support a growing population.
C. Countries in Africa will require greater healthcare resources.
D. Africa will become the leading producer of food and other resources.
Answer:
B. the economies in Africa will be challenged to support a growing population.
Explanation:
Just because Africa is increasing faster than any continent, doesn't mean its improving or going to improve. More children means more healthcare for families which is more expensive. And most of Africa's population are in Stage 1. (Below Poverty, less than $1.10 a day). Most Africans don't make it past 64 years.
HELP WILL GIVE BRAINLY IF RIGHT
an atom is stable if the outer level of electrons in atom contains the maximum number of electrons it can hold. what are the electrons found in the outer level called?
valence electrons
ionic electrons
shared electrons
bonding electrons
The blood brain barrier is formed by the processes of myelinating oligodentrocytes, and prevents the movement of many hydrophilic molecules from the circulation into the brain. True or false?.
False
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a selectively permeable membrane that regulate the the movement of molecules and cells into the brain from the blood.
It helps in maintaining the brain homeostasis by regulating the amount of molecules that enter the brain.
BBB is formed by endothelial cells of the brain and the barrier effectively seperate the brain from the rest of the body
Although study has shown that the interactions of endothelial cells with oligodendrocytes induce BBB function, the blood-brain barrier is not singlehandedly formed by oligodendrocytes.
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In multicellular organisms, cell division allows them to do which of the following?
a) develop from a single cell into a multicellular organism
b) all are correct
c) grow (i.e., increase the size of the organism)
d) make other cells to repair and replace worn-out cells
In multicellular organisms, cell division allows development from a single cell into a multicellular organism, growth and making other cells to repair and replace worn-out cells (Option b all are correct).
What is mitosis?Mitosis is a cell division process by which multicellular organisms can grow, repair tissues and also develop from a single cell called the zygote. This process is fundamental during the lifespan of multicellular life forms.
Therefore, we can conclude that mitosis is a multipurpose cell division process in multicellular organisms because it allows to growth and repair of tissues.
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What did you include in your response?
The series of events that occurred in the endosymbiotic theory are as follows:
Both organelles were free-living prokaryotes ingested by primitive eukaryotic cells.Mitochondria and chloroplasts perform aerobic respiration; the host cell provides organic compounds for ATP production.Eukaryotic cells contain mitochondria and chloroplasts, but these organelles function similar to bacterium, which are prokaryotes.What is the endosymbiotic theory?The endosymbiotic theory is theory that describes how eukaryotic cells arose from simple prokaryotic cells,
In the endosymbiotic theory, simple prokaryotic cells which developed abilities such as using oxygen as electron acceptor as well asthe ability to use carbon to produce food associted in a symbiotic relationship.
One prokaryotoc cell engulfed another prokaryotic cell with which it exists in a symbotic relationship with.
The engulfed cells became the organelles in eukaryotes such as mitochondria and chloroplast.
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Could someone help me with this, please?
The carbon cycle depicts the movement of carbon on Earth in its elemental and combined states. Carbon exists as carbonates in minerals and as carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere in its combined state as diamond and graphite.
What are the steps in the carbon cycle?Plants absorb carbon from the atmosphere in order to perform photosynthesis.Humans consume the oxygen released by plants and emit carbon dioxide through respiration.Animals consume these plants, and carbon is bioaccumulated in their bodies.When these animals and plants die, carbon is released back into the atmosphere as they decompose.Some of the carbon that is not re-emitted into the atmosphere is converted into fossil fuels.These fossil fuels are then used for man-made activities that release additional carbon into the atmosphere.To learn more about carbon cycle refer to :
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Two types of nucleic acids are DNA and RNA. What are the functions of these two nucleic acids?
A-RNA makes nucleotides, and DNA puts the nucleotides together to make nucleic acids.
B-DNA creates amino acids, and RNA puts the amino acids together to make a protein.
C-DNA contains the code for proteins, and RNA helps make the proteins from amino acids.
D-RNA contains the code for proteins, and DNA helps make the proteins from amino acids.
Two types of nucleic acids are DNA and RNA. The functions of these two nucleic acids are DNA creates amino acids, and RNA puts the amino acids together to make a protein.
DNA is answerable for carrying and transmitting hereditary materials or genetic instructions from parents to offspring. In addition to ensuring that all living things pass on their genetic information, DNA is essential for the synthesis of proteins. on the other hand messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the protein draft from a cell's DNA to its ribosomes, which are the apparatus that drive protein synthesis. Transfer RNA (tRNA) then carries the relevant amino acids into the ribosome for inclusion in the new protein.
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The map shows the allele frequency of sickled hemoglobin (HbS) and malaria endemicity in Africa.
The best explains the relationship between HbS allele frequency and malaria endemicity in Africa is when an area is malaria free, the HbS allele frequency is between 0 and 2.02. The correct option is a.
What is sickled hemoglobin?Sickled hemoglobin is a genetic disease that changes the shape of hemoglobin cells from a circle to a sickle shape, which reduces their function and it causes hemoglobin disease in the person.
Malaria is caused by the anopheles mosquito. It causes fever and shivering of the body.
Therefore, the correct option is a. When an area is malaria free, the HbS allele frequency is between 0 and 2.02.
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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:
Which statement best explains the relationship between HbS allele frequency and malaria endemicity in Africa?
When an area is malaria free, the HbS allele frequency is between 0 and 2.02.
When an area is holoendemic, the HbS allele frequency is between 0.52 and 4.04.
When an area is malaria free, the HbS allele frequency is between 12.64 and 18.18.
When an area is holoendemic, the HbS allele frequency is between 0 and 0.51.
Could an insoluble precipitate of an ionic compound pose a danger to theenvironment? Explain your reasoning.
The insoluble precipitate of ionic compound can pose great threat to the environment.
Insoluble precipitate is a solid substance formed during a chemical reaction. The precipitate of ionic compounds can cause danger to the environment as it is not degraded and hence can cause reactions that form toxic products.
The effects of insoluble precipitate on the environment are various. It can make soil less rich in nutrients that will then affect the quality and yields of plants. If the precipitate is present on the surface of plants, which is then ingested by humans, it can cause diseases in humans as well. It can cause eutrophication of waterbodies, therefore affecting the lives of aquatic species.
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The Green Revolution was
characterized by
A. fewer fertilizers
B. lower yields
C. increased yields
D. very small amounts of chemical pesticides
The Green Revolution was characterized by C increased yields by providing large improvements in the food production sector.
How should the Green Revolution be described?Large improvements in food production in developing nations were a hallmark of the “green revolution,” which was brought on by increasing use of herbicides, fertilizers, and different crop varieties.
What does the Green Revolution increase?The introduction of new, high-yielding cultivars into developing countries, which started in the middle of the 20th century with Borlaug’s work, had a significant role in the Green Revolution’s increased the production of different kind of food grains (particularly wheat and rice).
What effects has the Green Revolution had on the fertilizer sector?The green revolution boosted the availability and use of fertilizers, weedicides, and insecticides to increase farm output and minimize crop loss or damage.
With the development of commercial farming, it also assisted in promoting agriculture throughout the nation.
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The word hyper means "more." What does "natremia" refer to?
there are two types of cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic. although the types of cell share some similarities, compartmentalization is not a shared characteristic. it has been theorized that chloroplast evolved from prokaryotic cells living symbiotically within a larger cell. describe the endosymbiotic theory. explain how chloroplasts are similar to prokaryotic cells. provide observations and evidence that supports the theory.
Answer:
Chloroplasts and mitochondria are said to be prokaryotic as they have their own genes on a small, circular chromosome but no nucleus. This chromosome has little non-coding DNA, similar to those of bacteria. Chloroplasts and mitochondria also make some of their own proteins from their gene.
hence endosymbiotic theory states that some eukaryotic cell organelles like mitochondria and chloroplast evolved from free living prokaryotes.the prokaryotes or single celled organism fuse to form eukaryotes as stated by Margulis.
Explanation:
According to the endosymbiotic theory, some eukaryotic cell organelles, such mitochondria and plastids, descended from prokaryotes that were free to move around.
What are the characteristics of endosymbiotic theory?The endosymbiotic hypothesis postulates that some organelles of eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotic bacteria.
Chloroplasts and mitochondria are identical in size to prokaryotic cells and divide by binary fission. The DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts is circular rather than linear.
The information available supports Margulis' hypothesis that the mitochondrial endosymbiosis marked the beginning of the evolution of the eukaryotic cell.
Therefore, endosymbiotic theory states that some eukaryotic cell organelles like mitochondria and chloroplast evolved from free living prokaryotes.
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a child has developed a benign brain tumor in the cerebellum and the floor of the third ventricle. the proper documentation for this type of tumor includes which terminology?
Primary brain cancers occur when normal cells' DNA changes (mutations). The DNA of a cell includes the instructions that inform the cell what to do. The mutations instruct the cells to grow and divide quickly and to live even when healthy cells would die.
What is a benign brain tumor?A benign (non-cancerous) brain tumor is a collection of cells that grows slowly in the brain. Non-cancerous brain tumors often remain in one location and do not spread. It usually does not return if the entire tumor can be safely removed during surgery.
They have the potential to injure and compress portions of the brain, resulting in serious malfunction. Benign brain tumors in a critical part of the brain can be fatal. A benign tumor can become cancerous very rarely.
Note that an overview was given as the complete information wasn't found.
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The american cancer society currently estimates that only about 10% of all people with melanoma have a family history of the disease. What factors might contribute to the development of melanoma in the other 90% of patients?.
The factors that might contribute to the development of melanoma in other 90% of patients is: all the given choices i.e., exposure to solar radiation, mutations in a melanocyte and exposure to chemical mutagens.
Melanoma is the cancer of the skin. It develops on the melanin pigment producing cells called melanocyte. It is also called the black tumor and is the most dangerous kind of skin cancer. Redness on the skin and change in the existing mole are a few symptoms.
Mutagens are the agents that cause cancer in the body. There are two types of mutagens: chemical and physical. The chemical mutagens can be alkylating agents, tobacco products, etc. The physical mutagens are the electromagnetic radiations.
The question is incomplete, the complete question is:
The American Cancer Society currently estimates that only about 10% of all people with melanoma have a family history of the disease. What factors might contribute to the development of melanoma in the other 90% of patients?
exposure to solar radiationmutations in a melanocyteexposure to chemical mutagensAll of these choices are correct.To know more about mutagens, here
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a chemical compound has been developed that disrupts the biological messages responsible for the later stages of embryonic development during the reproduction cycles of certain sea creatures. upon introduction into an area of the ocean, the compound spreads outwards and downwards, reaching an active depth of up to 20 feet. the inventors of the compound are aiming primarily at offering it as a method for controlling the numbers of jellyfish although this will clearly be unsuccessful since
The inventors of the compound are aiming primarily at offering it as a method for controlling the numbers of jellyfish although this will clearly be unsuccessful since shortly after fertilization jellyfish, and larvae become plant-like polyps, which rooted to the sea floor, facilitating budding, and the final release of offspring.
The informal popular names for the medusa-phase of several gelatinous members of the subphylum Medusozoa, a significant division of the phylum Cnidaria, are jellyfish and sea jellies. Many varieties of jellyfish are largely safe for people to consume. Others have the capacity to produce extreme discomfort and systemic response.
When jellyfish are stuck to coastal reefs, they are in the stalked (polyp) phase. When they are in the jellyfish (medusa) phase, they are floating among the plankton. The medusa is in the reproductive stage; its eggs undergo internal fertilization and grow into larval planulae that may swim freely.
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Chromatin from two tissues, skin and liver, was extracted and analyzed near the gene twist. The liver chromatin was found to be more dnase sensitive than the chromatin from skin cells. What might explain this difference?.
The twist is silenced in skin and not liver which is the reason why liver chromatin was found to be more dnase sensitive than the chromatin from skin cells.
What is Gene twist?This is referred to as a transcription factor which provides the instructions in the making of a protein in cells and ensures early development is achieved.
it attaches to certain parts of the DNA and the activity of some genes are controlled. It is silenced in cells such as that of the skin which is why liver chromatin was found to be more dnase sensitive than the chromatin from skin cells.
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which is not a function of the lymphatic and immune systems? question 90 options: a) transport fats absorbed by the small intestines. b) primary defense against the invasion of pathogens. c) assist in the blood clotting process. d) collect excess tissue fluid and return it to the circulatory system.
c) Assist in the blood clotting process is not a function of the lymphatic and immune systems.
Blood clotting is a process that is done by the coagulation system of the body. Neither the lymphatic nor the immune system has any role is the blood clotting process.
The major role of the immune system is to provide a defense to the body agast any foreign particle that invades the body and has the potential to cause an infection in the organism.
The major function of the lymphatic system is to remove all the excess fluids in the body so that the fluid levels can be maintained in the body of an organism.
Hence, all of the above options are either the function of the immune of the lymphatic system except option c.
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What factors describe aquatic ecosystems?
Answer: Light levels, water flow rate, temperature, dissolved oxygen, acidity (pH), salinity and depth.
Explanation: For aquatic ecosystems, these factors include light levels, water flow rate, temperature, dissolved oxygen, acidity (pH), salinity and depth. Light level is an important factor in aquatic ecosystems.
If a cell has a large number of chloroplasts present, what is the most likely function of that cell?
respiration
transpiration
fermentation
Ophotosynthesis
If a cell has a large number of chloroplasts present, the most likely function of that cell is photosynthesis. The correct option is D.
What are chloroplast?"Chloroplast is an organelle that contains the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll, which captures sunlight and converts it into useful energy, allowing oxygen to be released from water."
They are in charge of photosynthesis, which is the process of converting light energy into sugar and other organic molecules that plants and algae use as food.
They also produce amino acids and lipids, which are required for the production of chloroplast membranes.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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treated sewage is free of what contaminants
a. medical
b. nutrient
c. biological
d. all
a group of experimental drugs focuses on blocking the construction of neurofibrillary tangles by keeping tau protein anchored to microtubules as a possible treatment for
Answer:
Alzheimer's disease
Explanation: did this in my biology class as well hope it helps though
A group of experimental drugs focuses on blocking the construction of neurofibrillary tangles by keeping tau protein anchored to microtubules as a possible treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
Neurofibrillary tangles are abnormal aggregations of tau protein that accumulate inside neurons in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease. These tangles disrupt the normal functioning of neurons and contribute to the progression of the disease. Therefore, developing drugs that target the formation of neurofibrillary tangles is a potential therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease.
The experimental drugs mentioned in the statement aim to block the construction of neurofibrillary tangles by keeping tau protein anchored to microtubules. Tau protein normally plays a critical role in stabilizing microtubules, which are essential components of the cell's cytoskeleton responsible for maintaining cell shape and facilitating intracellular transport.
In Alzheimer's disease, abnormal modifications of tau protein cause it to detach from microtubules, leading to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles. These experimental drugs are designed to prevent the detachment of tau protein from microtubules, keeping it anchored and inhibiting the formation of tangles.
By maintaining the proper function of microtubules and preventing the aggregation of tau protein, these drugs aim to slow down or halt the progression of Alzheimer's disease. The potential benefits include preserving neuronal integrity, reducing cognitive decline, and improving overall brain function in affected individuals.
However, it is important to note that the effectiveness and safety of these experimental drugs are still being studied, and they have not yet been approved for clinical use. Ongoing research is vital to further understand the mechanisms involved and to develop effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease.
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How are messages carried throughout the human body from the brain to the nervous system?
Answer: The nervous system uses tiny cells called neurons to send messages back and forth from the brain, through the spinal cord, to all the nerves throughout the body. Billions of neurons work together to create a communication network. Different neurons have different jobs.
Explanation:
Neurons are the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, the cells responsible for receiving sensory input from the external world, for sending motor commands to our muscles, and for transforming and relaying the electrical signals at every step in between.
Which of these describe a galaxy
Answer:
Explanation:
Option please
who was a nineteenth‑century biologist who put forth the theory of evolution through natural selection and published his idea in the book entitled on the origin of species?
Charles Darwin was a nineteenth‑century biologist who put forth the theory of evolution through natural selection and published his idea in the book entitled on the origin of species.
Charles Darwin was the evolutionary scientist who can up with the theory of natural selection and published his findings in the book known as the origin of species. This book, written by Darwin, forms the basis of evolutionary biology.
According to the theory of natural selection, those organisms that are better able to survive and adapt to an environment are selected naturally by the environment to reproduce and pass on their characteristics. The organisms which are not adaptable to the environment get removed from the environment through the process of evolution.
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the free energy released by the blank reactions of blank is stored in blank. the energy released by its hydrolysis to blank and pi drives the blank reactions of blank, which synthesize the complex molecules. also, during hydrolysis in mechanical and transport work, blank is transformed into blank. in these transfers and transformations, some energy is lost as heat. all the reactions of a cell require enzymes, which ensure efficient cell function by binding substrates and blank activation energy, thus speeding up metabolic reactions.
The following paragraph about catabolic reaction can be completed below:
The free energy released by the exergonic reactions of exergonic is stored in exergonic. The energy released by its hydrolysis to exergonic and pi drives the exergonic reactions of exergonic, which synthesize the complex molecules.
Also, during hydrolysis in mechanical and transport work, catabolic pathways is transformed into catabolic pathways.
In these transfers and transformations, some energy is lost as heat.
All the reactions of a cell require enzymes, which ensure efficient cell function by binding substrates and catabolic pathways activation energy, thus speeding up metabolic reactions.
What is meant by catabolic reactions?Catabolic reactions refers to a type of metabolism which involves the breaking down of bigger molecules into smaller molecules.
So therefore, an exergonic reaction can simply be defined as those metabolic activities which occurs in the body by releasing or giving off energy.
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