Which of the following conditions must be satisfied for a collision between reactants to be effective?

a. A high concentration of reactants
b. Enough energy to overcome E,
c. Appropriate molecular orientation

Gibb's free energy change is  -1,61,541Joules when two moles of electrons are transferred in an oxidation-reduction reaction.

In thermodynamics, the Gibbs free energy (or Gibbs energy ) is a thermodynamic potential that can be utilized to compute the greatest measure of work that might be performed by a thermodynamically shut framework at consistent temperature and pressure. It likewise gives an important condition to cycles, for example, substance responses that might happen under these circumstances.

For calculating free energy change, we need to know about the value of faraday constant and voltage of the cell.

We know that 1 faraday=96500Coloumb,voltage=0.837,n=2

So, free energy(ΔG)= - n × F × E°

=>ΔG= -2 × 96500× 0.837

=>ΔG= -193000×0.837

=>ΔG= -1,61,541Joules (Here negative sign shows that voltaic cell is possible in this universe).

Hence, required free energy is -1,61,541Joules.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Lewis structure is a type of structural formula that describes the bonding between atoms in a molecule. It shows how many electrons are shared between two or more atoms and which orbitals are being used for the bond. Lewis structures can be used to predict several properties of molecules, including their boiling point, melting point, reactivity and solubility. Caffeine is an organic compound with molecular formula C8H10N4O2 that contains four nitrogen-containing rings connected by three single bonds and one double bond. Its Lewis structure can be drawn using valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory to determine the geometry around each atom in the molecule and then drawing out each atom's individual electron pairs according to its VSEPR geometry.

The molarity of a solution is the number of moles of the solute in one liter of the solution. That is, the molarity of 0.1 N oxalic acid is 0.05 M.

Acidic solutions are those that include H3O+ ions in concentrations greater than 1 x 10-7 M.Basic substances are those with the H3O+ ion concentration is less to 1 x 10-7 M.

100 ml od solution to 37 ml of solute.To make a 0.1N HCL solution, add 8.3 ml or 37% HCL in 1 liter with D5W or NS.12 moles/L or 12 x 36.5 equals 438 g/L or 438 mg/ml in the formula 12M (37% HCL).

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Yes, freezing point depression is negative because it is the decrease in the freezing point of a solvent when a non-volatile solute is added to it.

Freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid state. For example, water freezes at 0°C (32°F). At the freezing point, the particles of the liquid slow down to a point where they can no longer move freely and start to form a solid. This happens because the particles of the liquid form a crystal lattice structure when they reach their freezing point. The temperature at which this happens is called the freezing point. Different substances have different freezing points, depending on the type of particles that make up the substance.

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The cell potential of the reduction is -3.20V.

We know that the reduction has to do with electron gain. The process is called a redox reaction because it involves the simultaneous loss and gain of electrons in the process.

We have been told that the standard electrode potential of the cell as it has been shown is 3.20V. It is also clear that the second equation that been written is only possible when we turn the cell around in which case the cell potential would become - 3.20V.

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Answer:

The mole ratio for iron (iii) oxide to aluminium is

1:2

The most accurate equation representing the model of cellular respiration is: D. C6H12O6 (sugar) + 6O2 (oxygen) --> 6CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H2O (water) + energy.

Cellular respiration is a metabolic process that breaks down glucose and oxygen to provide energy for plants. This energy is in the form of ATP energy essential to support many other reactions in the plant’s body. To produce this energy, plants react to glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen to form ATP. The process also produces carbon dioxide and water as the side product. This reaction is also known as glycolysis, which most accurately represents as:

C6H12O6 (sugar) + 6O2 (oxygen) --> 6CO2 (carbon dioxide) + 6H2O (water) + energy.

This question seems incomplete. The complete query is as follows:

"Which equation represents the most accurate model of cellular respiration?

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Answer:

If the soil is too acidic, then thus we use a base (calcium hydroxide) to neutralize this soil, If the soil is too basic then we add organic matter to it as these organic matter let out acid which neutralizes the soil.

Hope it helps!

Answer:

due to exceeding of acids on the soil

Explanation:

he should use some base like calcium hydroxide to nutrilize it and make the soil ferrile

There are two types of parabolas, positive (opening up) or negative (opening down). A parabola has many key features including a vertex, x-intercept(s) and y-intercept. A vertex is the highest or lowest point on the graph, x-intercepts are where the graph crosses the x-axis (y=0) and y-intercepts are where the graph crosses the y-axis (x=0).

Parabola

A plane curve produced by a point moving in such a way that its distance from a fixed point equals its distance from a fixed-line. The standard equation of a regular parabola is y 2 = 4 a x , where a is the distance from the vertex to focus of the parabola.

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The number of atoms found in a mole of compound has been given by relationship between the mole and the Avogadro number. The Avogadro number has been the constant that has been given by the number 6.023 × 10^23.

The relationship between the atoms and mole has been given by:

1 mole = 6.023 × 10^23 mg2+ ions.

So, the number of mg2+ ions  that has been present in1 mole of the MgO has been equivalent to the Avogadro number.

Thus, 1 mole of MgO has 6.023 ×  10^23 mg2+ ions.

Avogadro number

The Avogadro number is the approximate number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) in one gram of ordinary matter.

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Bacteria grow the fastest at temperatures ranging from 40°F to 140°F, doubling in size in just as 20 minutes. This temperature range is commonly referred to as the "Danger Zone." Never put food out of the refrigerator for more than 2 hours.

The danger zone is defined as the temperature range of 40-140°F (4-60°C), where bacteria grow and thrive. It is critical to keep perishables out of the danger zone in order to keep your food safe. Keep hot foods warm and cold foods cold.

The longer food is exposed to high temperatures, the more time microbes have to grow. The primary objective is to decrease the length of time TCS meals is exposed to high temperatures. If food is kept in this temperature range for four hours or more, it must be discarded.

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Answer:

Hydrogen and helium are placed in different groups in the periodic table because they have different atomic numbers and different chemical properties......................................

Explanation:

In the periodic table, the elements are arranged according to their atomic number, which is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. The elements are also organized into groups, or families, based on their chemical properties.

Hydrogen and helium are placed in different groups in the periodic table because they have different atomic numbers and different chemical properties. Hydrogen is placed in group 1a, also known as the alkali metals, because it has a single valence electron, which is an electron that is involved in chemical bonding. Helium, on the other hand, is placed in group 8a, also known as the noble gases, because it has a full valence shell, which means that it does not readily form chemical bonds.

It is important to note that the arrangement of elements in the periodic table is not based on the choices or preferences of the elements themselves, but rather on their intrinsic properties, such as their atomic number and chemical behavior.

Here are the Lewis structures for each species:

The Lewis structure for [tex]N_2H_4[/tex] is:

H H

\ /

N--N

|

H

H

The Lewis structure for [tex]N_2H_2[/tex] is:

H H

\ /

N

|

N

|

H

The Lewis structure for [tex](CH_3)_2NH_2Cl[/tex] is:

Cl

NH

|

C--C--C

|

NH

|

C--C

The Lewis structure for[tex]CH_3CN[/tex] is:

H

|

C--N

|

H C

| |

H H

The Lewis structure for  [tex]CH_3CHO[/tex] is:

H

|

C--C

|

H O

| |

H H

The Lewis structure for [tex]CH_3S(O)CH_3[/tex] is:

H H

\ /

C--S

|

H C--O

|

H C--H

|

H

The Lewis structure for [tex]H_2SO_4[/tex] is:

H O H

\ / \ /

S O

|

O--H

The Lewis structure for [tex]CH_3NCO[/tex] is:

H

|

C--N

|

H C

| |

O H

The Lewis structure for [tex]CH_3OSO_2OCH_3[/tex] is:

H H

\ /

C--O--S--O--O--C

| |

H H H

The Lewis structure for [tex]CH_3C(NH)CH_3[/tex] is:

H H

\ /

C--C

|

N C--H

\ /

H H

The Lewis structure for [tex](CH_3)_3CNO[/tex] is:

H H H

\ / /

C--C--C--N

|

O

|

H

A Lewis structure is a way of representing the electron configuration of a molecule or ion using dots and lines. The dots represent the valence electrons, and the lines represent the bonds between atoms. Lewis structures can be used to predict the geometry of a molecule or ion and to understand the chemical properties of a compound.

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Answer:

mitochondria

Explanation:

is that correct please answer

The structure of [tex]IBr^{-}_{2}[/tex] has a linear organization(shown in the figure below).

The linear [tex]IBr^{-}_{2}[/tex] structure has two axially positioned bromine atoms and three lone pairs of electrons at equatorial positions to reduce lone pair repulsions. The bending rule for [tex]sp^{3}d[/tex] hybridization states that in order to reduce repulsions between lone pairs, all lone pairs of electrons should be in an equatorial orientation. Compared to lone pair-bond pair and bond pair-bond pair repulsions, lone pair repulsions are particularly strong. [tex]IBr^{-}_{2}\\[/tex] has a linear structure as a result.

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The density of the shot put can be given as 24.2 g/cm^3.

We know that the density is obtained as the ratio of the mass to the volume of the object. We know that the volume is an intrinsic property hence it can be used to be able to obtain the properties of the material that is in question

Now we have some information about the material that has been discussed in the question. We are told that the mass of the object is 7250 grams and the volume of the object is 300.0 cm3.

Given the fact that we have these parameters about the question, we can now be able to obtain the density of the material by the use of the formula that can be applied for density as;

Density = mass/volume

Density =7250 grams/ 300.0 cm3

= 24.2 g/cm^3

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The characteristic must be the only difference between the two samples is B-they have different dimensions.

A metallic is a material that, whilst freshly prepared, polished, or fractured, suggests a lustrous appearance, and conducts energy and warmth exceptionally well. It become explicitly said withinside the query that the each samples are precisely portions of the equal metallic. If this is so, portions of the equal metallic should have the equal density, comprise the equal amount of depend, have the equal boiling factor and feature the equal quantity of depend in keeping with unit volume.

Thus, the correct option is B.

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Complete question:

Two pieces of the same metal or placed on the table with the piece of metal have the same density mass and texture which characteristic must be the only difference between the two samples

A-they contain a different amount of matter per unit volume

B-they have different dimensions

C-they are made up of a different type of matter

D-they have different boiling points

Carbonyl compounds are organic compounds that contain a carbonyl group (C=O). These include the ketones and aldehydes. Ketones are those that have two alkyl groups attached to the carbonyl carbon while aldehydes are those that contain an alkyl group and a hydrogen atom. These compounds can undergo addition reactions with primary and secondary amines which results in the formation of imines and enamines.

The products of the given reactions are shown in the completed equations given attachment.

Reactions A, C and D results in the formation of an imine since ethylamine, hexylamine and cyclohexylamine are all primary amines. Reaction B, on the other hand, produces an enamine since diethylamine is a secondary amine.

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Answer:

Actinides

Explanation:good

:)

The percent yield of the reaction would be 49.17%.

Sodium bromide reacts with excess dimercury (I) acetate to produce  dimercury (I) bromide precipitate and sodium acetate according to the following balanced equation:

[tex]2NaBr(aq) + Hg_2(CH_3COO)_2(aq) -- > Hg_2Br_2(s) + 2NaCH_3COO(aq)[/tex]

The mole ratio of sodium bromide to the precipitate is 2:1.

Recall that: mole = mass/molar mass.

3.0 g of sodium bromide would be equivalent to: 3.0/102.89

= 0.029 mol

The equivalent mole of the precipitate produced = 0.029/2 = 0.0145 mol

Mass of 0.0145 mol dimercury (I) bromide = 0.0145 x 560.99

                                                                     = 8.1343 grams

Percent yield = 4/8.1343

                       = 49.17%

In other words, the percent yield of the reaction is 49.17%.

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The compound NH₃ is tetrahedral in geometry and is non-polar. SO₂ is polar in nature and has a bend shape. CHCl₃ is tetrahedral and it is polar.

What are polar compounds?

Polar compounds are those having a permanent dipole moment. When the atoms bonded together have significant difference in electronegativity the electrons will attracts more to the highly electronegative atom and there occurs a net dipole moment results in polarity.

The ammonium ion NH₄⁺ is a tetrahedral molecule having no polarity. The dipole moments cancel each other due its tetrahedral nature. SO₂ is bend in geometry due to the presence of lone pair of electrons on oxygen atom. It is a polar compound.

The compound trichloromethane has a net dipole moment and it is polar with a tetrahedral structure.

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RMS or Root Mean Square value can be calculated by taking the square root of arithmetic mean of squared observations.

It's formula for n values is given by

Xrms = √(x1²+x2²+..... Xn²) /N

RMS is root mean Square can be defined as square root of the mean square. It is the arithmetic mean of the squares of group of values. It can also be called as a quadratic mean and even called as varying function.

So basically by three main steps we can calculate Root mean square

1) To get squares of all the values

2) By calculating average of obtained squares

3) Taking the square root of the average

Thus, RMS or Root Mean Square value can be calculated by taking the square root of arithmetic mean of squared observations.

It's formula for n values is given by

Xrms = √(x1²+x2²+..... Xn²) /N

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If adding ammonia to the magnesium hydroxide solution it will encourage the precipitation of Mg(OH)₂.

Adding ammonia NH₃ to the solution increases the hydroxide concentration.

NH₃ (aq) + H₂O (l) → NH₄⁺ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq)

Increasing the hydroxide concentration will encourage the precipitation of Mg(OH)₂ so that the hydroxide concentration is maintained in the solution.

Ammonia is widely used in the urea production process, the chemical industry, and the pulp and paper industry. Ammonia is an inorganic compound that is needed as an energy source in the nitrification process of aerobic bacteria.

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You can safely keep freshly potentially dangerous foods, such as cooked meat and foods that contain meat, milk products, prepared vegetables and fruits cooked pasta and rice and cooked as well as processed foods containing eggs, at temperature changes in the danger zone, or between 5° C and 60° C, for up to 2 hours or 4 hours. This information is provided by the 2 Hour/ 4 Hour Rule.

Strong food safety precautions have been implemented as a result of reduction strategies that have been used to reduce the frequency of salmonella-related foodborne illnesses. These tactics are centered on the Food Standards Code, which also incorporates the alternative temperature control technique known as the "2-hour / 4-hour rule."

Flavor enhancers, food safety, labeling, and foods that require prior approval, such as genetically modified foods, are all covered by the Food Standards Code.

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The ideal water temperature range for chemical sanitizers is typically between 55°F (13°C) and 120°F. There must be contact time for the sanitizer to remove hazardous bacteria properly.

Overly high concentrations can be dangerous, flavor- and odor-degrading, corrosive to metals and other materials, and residue-producing. A chlorine bleach sanitising solution begins to lose some of its potency over time.

It is important to consider the solution's temperature. While not being too hot to expedite sanitizer evaporation, water must be heated enough to increase solution activity.

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Due to the deadly nature of lead, daily or regular use caused the chemical to leak out of the plate, spoon, or tankard and swiftly enter the body.

Older pewters with a higher lead concentration are heavier, tarnish more quickly, and turn a darker shade of silver-grey with time. In 1974, BS5140, which was strengthened in 1994 by the European directive BSEN611, eliminated lead from the composition.

There was lead in a lot of ceramic glazes. Use any contemporary pewter you may have without worrying. Modern pewter is completely lead free and is typically designated as such. It is generally used for decorative items. Riskier is antique pewter.

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When a dichlorocarbene is added to an alkene, it exhibits double bond stereoselectivity.

Dichlorocarbene chemistry refers to the formation of an uneven mixture of stereoisomers by a single reagent during the non-stereospecific synthesis of a new stereocenter or the non-dichlorocarbene transformation of an already-existing one. The selectivity is caused by various steric and electrical effects in the mechanistic pathways leading to the various products. dichlorocarbene can never be completely eliminated because the activation energy difference between the two pathways is finite. Both goods are theoretical and only differ in size. Under ideal conditions the analytical techniques may be unable to identify the minor dichlorocarbene.

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If a container is placed on a hot plate, the kinetic energy of molecules inside the container will increase.

It is a fundamental theory of thermodynamics that energy cannot be produced and neither be destroyed. So obviously from the fundamental theorem of thermodynamics, the first two options in the given question ( some kinetic energy would be produced and some kinetic energy would be destroyed ) are obviously wrong.

Since the container is placed on a hot plate, the heat energy will get transferred from the plate to the container, and hence the molecules inside the container will get heated and excited. Therefore the kinetic energy of molecules inside the container will increase.

So basically, in this case, the heat energy of the plate is converted to the kinetic energy of molecules inside the container.

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Copper metal Cu(s) will spontaneously reduce Fe2+ and Al3+. So the correct option is e. Fe2+ and Al3+

Cu(s), is a reducing agent since it is able to reduce other chemicals by donating electrons. Copper has a low standard reduction potential of -0.34 V, meaning it is able to reduce the oxidation state of many other elements. This includes both Fe2+ and Al3+ ions.

In the case of Fe2+, the reduction reaction would be Cu(s) + Fe2+ --> Cu2+ + Fe(s). For Al3+, the reaction would be Cu(s) + 2Al3+ --> 2Cu2+ + Al(s). On the other hand, Cu(s) is unable to reduce either Ag+ or Fe3+ since the reduction potential for both is lower than the reduction potential of Cu(s).

Therefore the correct option will be e. Fe2+ and Al3+

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The measurements needed to verify the student's predictions are:

The goal of this experiment is to verify a student's prediction that the density of salt water is higher than the density of drinking water. To do this, we will use a beaker filled with salt water, a beaker filled with drinking water, and a cube that is hung from a spring scale. The cube will then be placed in both liquids and the appropriate measurements will be taken in order to make an accurate comparison.

First, the mass and volume of the cube must be measured. This can be done by placing the cube on a scale and recording its mass. The volume can be calculated by measuring the length, width, and height of the cube and multiplying them together.

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