a diploid human cell contains approximately 6.4 billion base pairs of dna. how many nucleosomes are present in such a cell? assume that the linker dna encompasses 40 base pairs.
In a diploid human cell contains approximately 6.4 billion base pairs of DNA, 3.2 x 10^7 nucleosomes are present .
One nucleosome comprises of about 145 to 147 bp of DNA. If their is additional 40 bp of DNA present then it should be calculated by taking total sum the base pair of DNA present for a single nucleosome .
A nucleosome is the basic repeating subunit of chromatin packaged inside the cell's nucleus they are made from histone octamer. In human about six feet of DNA is packaged inside a nucleus with a diameter less than a human hair. Histones are basic proteins and are rich in lysine and arginine residues. Each nucleosome contains around 200 bp of DNA.
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A dipeptide is:
a. formed by what type of reaction?
b. held together by what type of bond?
A dipeptide is A. Combination Reaction.
B. The bonds that hold atoms together to form molecules are called covalent bonds.
Most of the rocks and minerals that make up the Earth's crust are composed of cations and anions held together by ionic bonds. Ionic compounds are electrically neutral compounds consisting of cations and anions. I am familiar with some ionic compounds such as sodium chloride.
A covalent bond is a force that attracts two atoms sharing a pair of valence electrons. Shared electrons are attracted to both nuclei. This creates a dipeptide molecule made up of two or more atoms. Covalent bonds are formed only between atoms of non-metals. A peptide bond is formed when the amine group of one amino acid bonds to the carbonyl carbon of another amino acid. Learn more about how the peptide bond and cleavage process work.
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Categorise (Tabulate) the given organisms on the basis of mode of nutrition.
Lice , Mushroom ,Leech ,Algae , Mango ,Human, Yeast, Amoeba
According to the given species, there are 4 categories of the modes of nutrition:
Parasitic- Lice, Leech.Autotrophic- Algae, Mango.Saprophytic- Mushroom, Yeast.Holozoic- Human, Amoeba.Modes of nutrition are the ways that a living organism can intake its food. There are main two modes: autotrophic and heterotrophic. The heterotrophic mode of nutrition is further classified into various other classes. These can be parasitic, holozoic or saprophytic.
Holozoic mode is the one where food is ingested in liquid or solid form. Parasitic mode is the one where a parasite lives on the or inside the body of the host and obtains its nutrition. Saprophytic mode of nutrition is where the nutrients are obtained from dead and decaying matter.
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You will now analyze your design and make connections to urbanization concepts. Answer in complete sentences. As the population grows, more homes and resources are needed: What types of environmental problems could your city experience with population growth? What changes could you make to your design to make it more prepared for population growth? You were asked to avoid areas with water, wetlands, forests, or places with heavy rainfall or snow. Why was this important to protecting the environment? Explain how housing placement can lead to some residents getting fewer resources than others. How would lack of resources affect the health of residents? What concept of arcology in the lesson appealed to you the most? How would you incorporate an arcology concept into your community design?
1. (a) The impact of such a lot of human beings at the surroundings takes two important paperwork: intake of sources inclusive of land, meals, water, air, fossil fuels and minerals. Waste merchandise as a result of intake which include air and water pollution, poisonous substances and greenhouse gases.
1. (b) Although population growth within the 20th and twenty first centuries has skyrocketed, it may be slowed, stopped and reversed via actions which beautify worldwide justice and improve human beings lives. underneath the United international locations' maximum constructive situation, a sustainable reduction in global populace may want to take place within decades.
2. Because of pollutants and deforestation, the health of many humans is terrible. protecting the environment would clearly improve the fitness of human beings. Maximum noteworthy, saving surroundings could lessen many sicknesses. Saving environment might genuinely guard the animals.
3. The health of human beings with low incomes often suffers because they can't manage to pay for good enough housing, meals, or infant care. Such living conditions, and the pressure they reason, can cause better quotes of tobacco and alcohol use and growth the risk of health issues developing or worsening over time.
4. The principle principle of arcology is to opposite city sprawl, which may be completed by means of creating communities and structures which are self-maintaining isolated from the outdoor world.
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5. What are the building blocks of lipids?
A) Glucose
B) Amino acids
C) Fatty acids and glycerol
D) Nucleic acida
how do you solve these? for 4mm onwards
use the equations written in blue at the top
example for 5mm:
side length (s) = 5mm
surface area (6s²) = 6(5²)mm²
volume (s³) = 125mm³
ratio (surface area/volume) = 1.2:1
tamara’s muscle weakness and fatigue becomes progressively worse over the course of the day. this is a hallmark sign of myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disorder that affects the ability of a motor neuron to communicate with a muscle fiber. what synaptic events must happen first for excitation to occur? tamara’s muscle weakness and fatigue becomes progressively worse over the course of the day. this is a hallmark sign of myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disorder that affects the ability of a motor neuron to communicate with a muscle fiber. what synaptic events must happen first for excitation to occur? acetylcholine is released from the axon terminal and diffuses across the synapse to bind to a receptor in the surface of the motor end plate. calcium binds to tropomyosin, shifting it from the active site on actin, allowing cross bridge formation to occur as myosin binds to the active site. the action potential travels down the t tubules in the sarcolemma and triggers the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. sodium ions from the extracellular fluid diffuse into the cytosol of the muscle fiber, triggering the generation of an action potential in the sarcolemma.
The excitation of Myasthenia gravis is caused by an error in the transmission of nerve impulses to muscles. It happens when the neuromuscular junction, where the nerve and the muscle normally communicate, is damaged.
Chemicals called neurotransmitters are used by neurons, or brain cells, to transmit information. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that is normally released by nerve endings in response to electrical signals or impulses traveling down a motor nerve. Acetylcholine then binds to acetylcholine receptors in the muscle. Acetylcholine activates the muscle and induces a contraction when it binds to its receptor.
The neuromuscular junction's acetylcholine receptors are blocked, altered, or destroyed by antibodies (immune proteins made by the body's immune system) in myasthenia gravis, which stops the muscle from contracting. The acetylcholine receptor itself is most frequently the culprit, however, antibodies to other proteins, such as the MuSK (Muscle-Specific Kinase) protein, can also interfere with signal transmission at the neuromuscular junction.
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Prokaryotes can be divided by the way they obtain energy and nutrients. Which of the following correctly matches the name of the group of prokaryotes with the source of their energy and nutrition? (Answers choices in the photo.)
The group of prokaryotes that correctly match their description, is the one onf the third answer option (c option), since in that point we can see how photoautotrophs use sunlight to develop their metabolism, carrying out photosynthesis process to produce glucose.
Select the part whose main job is to control which substances enter and leave a plant cell?
Answer:
Answer down below!
Explanation:
It's the Cell Membrane
Hope this helps!
Explain why meiosis can be called cell reduction.
Why are heavy bred cattle moved to a maternity pen?
Answer:
Maternity pens have lower risk of spreading infections
They also minimize the stress level of the cow during parturition
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some bacteria are resistant to erythromycin as a result of mutation of their ribosomal rna. what type of resistance does this represent? group of answer choices removal of the drug via a pump change in the permeability of the drug alteration of the target of the drug overproduction of an enzyme in a key metabolic pathway inactivation of the drug
Answer:
A) alteration of the target of the drug
Explanation:
yes hope it helps
Which of the following best describes liquefaction?
O a large wave triggered by an earthquake, volcano, meteorite impact, or landslide
O a rhythmic movement (sloshing back and forth) of water in a lake, pool, or
stream
O soft sediment flows like a liquid causing buildings to sink or tip over
O water reacts with minerals to form new minerals
Among the following which best describes liquefaction is soft sediment flows like a liquid causing buildings to sink or tip over .
What is liquefaction?When there is a significant ground tremble, loosely packed, water-logged sediments at or near the ground surface begin to liquefy. During earthquakes, liquefaction that occurs beneath buildings and other structures can seriously harm those structures.
Liquefaction is a term used in physics and chemistry to describe the phase transitions from solid to liquid (melting and condensation, respectively). The temperature and pressure at which a solid turns into a liquid are known as the melting point or liquefaction point, respectively.
various liquefactions.
A liquefaction in motion.
B. Cyclical Softening
B–1 Cyclic Liquification
Cyclic Displacement,
B- 2.
C: Surface Liquification
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Which statement BEST explains why lipid molecules are generally insoluble in water?
A.
Carbon-hydrogen bonds are non-polar.
B.
Carbon-hydrogen bonds are polar.
C.
Carbon-oxygen bonds are non-polar.
D.
Carbon-oxygen bonds are polar.
Answer:
Explanation:
A
this is not expected to worsen as the climate continues to change: rainfall, monsoons winds, forest fires, areas affected by monsoons
Answer: monsoon winds
Explanation:
For each molecule of glucose, glycolysis only makes 2 atp, the krebs cycle only makes 2 atp and the etc makes 34 atp. If the suspects had given jared the 2-deoxyglucose poison, would the decrease in atp concentration be smaller, the same or larger as when they used cyanide? explain your answer.
If the suspects had given jared the 2-deoxyglucose poison, would the decrease in ATP concentration be larger as when they used cyanide.
The biggest drop in ATP concentration will occur. This is due to the 2-deoxyglucose toxin's extreme inefficiency in the ATP production pathway.
The onset of glycolysis marks the beginning of the energy-producing process. Two ATPs are produced and glucose is broken down into a simpler substance during the process of glycolysis, which gives the body energy.
Since the presence of 2-deoxyglucose toxin disrupts the earliest stage of the energy-making process. Our findings lead us to the conclusion that there will be a greater decrease in ATP production.
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which structure is highlighted and indicated by the leader line? multiple choice deep artery of the thigh (deep femoral a.) femoral artery popliteal artery descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery ascending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery
The structure that is highlighted and indicated by the leader line is the Popliteal artery.
What is the popliteal artery?The popliteal artery is the main arterial supply in the knee and lower leg. The popliteal vein gets blood from numerous tributaries and flows posterior to the popliteal artery.
The popliteal artery is a straight extension of the superficial femoral artery that exits the adductor canal at the adductor hiatus and travels posteriorly beyond the knee into the popliteal fossa.
Long-term pressure on the popliteal artery can cause it to narrow (stenosis), resulting in pain and cramping with even minor activity, such as walking.
The complete picture is illustrated below.
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Choose two correct options.
How do bacteria help the nitrogen cycle?
1. They release nitrogen into the air.
2. They help release chemicals from dead plants and animals.
3. They make nitrogen chemicals which plants can use.
4. Bacteria build plant protein.
5. Bacteria do not help the nitrogen cycle.
Answer: the answer is 1 & 3
Explanation: hope this answers tour question. :) <3
1
In which of the following ways does the respiratory system help to maintain homeostasis
during exercise?
Answer:
The respiratory system maintains homeostasis during exercise by increasing breathing rate to match the consumption of oxygen to make ATP. Your lungs also increase in size during exercise. This happens so that your body can take in more oxygen and get rid of the extra carbon dioxide that has built up in the blood. These processes work together in many ways for the respiratory and circulatory systems achieve homeostasis during exercise
Explanation:
when multiple alleles are present at a locus, each diploid individual possesses how many alleles at that locus? please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices zero four one two
Diploid individuals carry complete chromosomal sets in their somatic cells. These cells have two alternative forms of the same gene, this is, two alleles (one from the father and one from the mother). D) two alleles.
What is a diploid individual?
When talking about diploid individuals, we are referring to the number of each type of chromosome an individual has in its cells. Diploid means this organism has two copies of the same type of chromosome.
So, diploid organisms have two complete sets of chromosomes in their cells. Each set proceeds from each of the parentals,
the female transmits one set of chromosomes to the progeny, the male transmits the other set.
So, even if the trait is coded by multiple alleles, a diploid individual will always have two of them.
Let us remember that alleles are alternative forms of the same gene. A diploid organism has two alleles that can be equal (homozygous) or different (heterozygous).
The correct option is d) Two.
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How should it help with the problem of acid rain
Answer:
how should what help with the problem of acid rain
Predators such as foxes, owls, woodpeckers, and skunks make up the
of a deciduous forest.
A secondary consumers
B tertiary consumers
C primary consumers
D producers
Answer:
A: secondary consumers
Explanation:
All the animals that are listed eat other animals but are not at the top of the of the food chain.
the half-life of a pesticide determines its persistence in the environment. a common pesticide degrades in a first-order process with a half-life of 7 days. what fraction (in decimal notation) of the pesticide remains in the environment after 11 days? enter to 4 decimal places.
According to the given statement 0.336 fraction of the pesticide remains in the environment after 11 days.
What does a biological half-life mean?The period of time needed for a biological system, like the human body, to eliminate 50% of the chemical (like radioactive material) that has been ingested through natural processes.
Briefing:For a first order reaction, [tex]$\frac{N}{N_0}=\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{\frac{t}{t^2} \frac{1}{2}}$[/tex]
N is remaining mass after "t" time is initial mass N₀, N/N₀ represents fraction of mass remains after "t" time and [tex]$t_{\frac{1}{2}}$[/tex] is half-life
Here t is 11 days and [tex]$t_{\frac{1}{2}}$[/tex] is 7 days
So, N/N₀
= (1/2)¹¹[tex]^/[/tex][tex]^7[/tex]
=(1/2)¹·⁵⁷
0.336 fraction of the pesticide remains in the environment after 11 days.
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India has a population of about 1. 3 billion people. It is impossible that any individual citizen would meet all other members of their home nation. Still, literacy movements, especially in rural areas of the country, promote the reading of national newspapers, which promote the sense that all indians share common concerns and beliefs. What term best applies to this example?.
The term which best implies to the aforementioned characteristics of the Indian is imagined community.
Imagined community is a term that refers to nationalism. The term nationalism means the promotion of interest of a nation with respect to maintaining and gaining the sovereignty of the nation on the behalf of every person who belongs to that nation.
However, Benedict Anderson introduced the concept of imagined community for the first time in 1983 in his book called 'Imagined Communities'.
Through this book he analyzed the concept of nationalism and concluded that a nation is a community based on common interests and socio-cultural values.
India is a thickly populated country with diverse ethnic and sectarian groups sharing common culture, opinions, interests, concerns and beliefs at the same level depicting nationalism.
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Audrey bought various vegetables at the supermarket and brought them home but not to eat. She put a stalk of celery in purple-dyed water to observe its_________. She then observed the tuber roots of potatoes and their_________
She put a stalk of celery in purple-dyed water to observe its capillary action. She then observed the tuber roots of potatoes and their eyes.
Capillary action is the system of a liquid flowing in a slender space without the assistance of, or even in opposition to, any outside forces like gravity.
Capillary action is the movement of water in the spaces of a porous cloth due to the forces of adhesion, cohesion, and floor anxiety. It's miles the ability of a liquid to float in narrow spaces without the assistance of, and every now and then in competition to, outside forces like gravity.
It happens because of intermolecular forces among the liquid and surrounding stable surfaces. If the diameter of the tube is adequately small, then the aggregate of surface anxiety, that is as a result of cohesion in the liquid and adhesive forces among the liquid and field wall act to propel the liquid.
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what is the difference between high and low fitness
- Explain why an element's charge is related to the group on the periodic table to which it belongs
Answer:
Because of the elements' number of valence electrons.
Explanation:
the number of valence electrons (number of electrons in the outermost shell) determines the number of bonds an element can make and how close they are to having a filled shell, which elements are the most stable when their outermost shell is filled (8 electrons for smaller elements). For example, in group 1, the elements have one valence electron, which in order to have a filled shell, they would have to lose one electron. That would make their charge +1. On the otherhand, in group 7, the elements have 7 valence electrons. In order to achieve a full outer shell, they would have to gain one more electron. For example, Cl will form an ionic bond with Na (group 1), which Cl will take Na's 1 valence electron, resulting in a total of 8 valence electrons, which Cl will become -1 charge (one more electron than it originally has) and Na will become a +1 charge (one less electron than it originally has).
Because the group number represents the number of valence electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom, and the charge of an element is determined by the number of valence electrons it has.
What is valence electron?Valence electrons are electrons that are found in the outermost energy level of an atom. They are responsible for the chemical properties of an element and play a crucial role in determining how the element will react with other elements.
Valence electrons are important because they are the ones that are involved in forming chemical bonds with other atoms. The number of valence electrons an element has is determined by its atomic number
Valence electrons are important because they are the ones that are involved in forming chemical bonds with other atoms. The number of valence electrons an element has is determined by its atomic number and the electron configuration of its atoms. In general, elements in the same group on the periodic table have the same number of valence electrons.
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The venomous lion fish is native to the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean. This fish has recently been introduced into the Atlantic Ocean. This makes the lion fish an ___________.
Answer:
I believe the answer is invasive species
(Please let me know if its wrong)
Answer: an invasive species
Explanation:
the animal is brought to a new area which the other fish might not attack it but it will for survival.
I think
PLEASE HELP Using the figure provided, predict the activity for trypsin was released in the stomach. Justify your prediction.
Using the figure provided, the activity for trypsin which was released in the stomach is that its peak activity was at the pH of 8.
What is an Enzyme?This is referred to as a biological catalyst which speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction and is proteinous. An example of an enzyme is trypsin which digests protein by bringing about a reduction in the activation energy.
Enzymes can be denatured if the temperature and pH are not at the optimum rate in which the structure is destroyed which therefore affects its functions.
Enzymes perform at optimal pH and temperature and the optimal pH for the trypsin according to the diagram given is 8 which is where the peak activity stop before going down which signifies a reduction in the effectiveness and action.
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individuals of a fish species living in a river have varying oxygen level requirements. a nearby factory accidentally releases pollutants into the river, causing oxygen levels in the water to decrease. within a few generations, the percentage of fish with lower oxygen requirements has increased in the river. conversely, the percentage of fish with higher oxygen requirements has decreased. what form of selection has taken place in this population? stabilizing selection disruptive or diversifying selection frequency‑dependent selection directional selection
Answer:
directional selection
Explanation:
As well i have done this in biology
hope it helps though!