Which option is an example of deductive reasoning?
A. All the cherries I've eaten have been sour. Therefore, all cherries
must be sour.
B. All players must roll the dice. Igor is a player, so he must roll the
dice.
C. All my friends have been taller than me. Therefore, my next friend
will be taller than me.
D. All planes have wings. A jet is a plane, so it must be fast.

Answer:

B

Explanation:

An example of deductive reasoning is "All the cherries I've eaten have been sour. Therefore, all cherries must be sour." The correct option is A.

Deductive reasoning is a type of logical reasoning where a specific conclusion is drawn from general principles or premises. It involves applying general rules or statements to specific situations or cases.

In option A, the statement follows deductive reasoning because it generalizes from specific instances to make a conclusion about all cherries based on the observation that all the cherries the person has eaten have been sour. The conclusion drawn is that all cherries must be sour.

Let's examine the other options to understand why they do not represent deductive reasoning:

B. All players must roll the dice. Igor is a player, so he must roll the dice.

This statement does not represent deductive reasoning because it assumes a general rule that all players must roll the dice. However, it does not necessarily follow that Igor must roll the dice just because he is a player. There could be specific circumstances or exceptions that make it possible for Igor not to roll the dice.

C. All my friends have been taller than me. Therefore, my next friend will be taller than me.

This statement does not represent deductive reasoning because it assumes a pattern based on personal experience (all friends being taller) and then makes a prediction about the next friend. However, this prediction may not necessarily hold true as there could be exceptions or variations in the heights of individuals.

D. All planes have wings. A jet is a plane, so it must be fast.

This statement does not represent deductive reasoning because it combines two unrelated characteristics (planes having wings and jets being fast) without establishing a logical connection. Just because a jet is classified as a plane does not guarantee that it must be fast, as there can be variations in the speed of different types of planes.

Therefore, deductive reasoning involves drawing specific conclusions based on general principles or premises. Option A represents deductive reasoning because it generalizes from specific instances to make a conclusion about all cherries. The other options do not demonstrate deductive reasoning due to the lack of logical connections or the presence of assumptions without sufficient evidence.

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