Answer: Osmotic pressure is the main cause of support in many plants. When a plant cell is in a hypotonic environment, the osmotic entry of water raises the turgor pressure exerted against the cell wall until the pressure prevents more water from coming into the cell.
Explanation:
Dna is a double helix. a gene has the following sequence of bases. a c t a g a c g t during dna replication a mutation occurs so that the sequence now reads: a c t g g a c g t name the type of mutation that has occurred.
This is an example of base substitution mutation.
Single base substitutions are called point mutations. Point mutations that occur in DNA sequences encoding proteins are either silent, missense or nonsense. In the case of the DNA given in the question, it is noticed the complementary strand differs from the parent strand at the fourth base position: here, the adenine triphosphate is replaced with guanosine triphosphate in the complementary strand.
Furthermore, it is a transition type of point mutation because adenine and guanine are both purines. Transition point mutation is the substitution of either a purine for a purine or a pyrimidine for a pyrimidine.
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Please help me
I really need help thank you
Once proteins have been produced by the ribosomes they are sent to the Golgi Apparatus where they can be adjusted, packaged, and shipped to other parts of the cell. An example would be the Endoplasmic Reticulum which carries digestive enzymes around the cell.
Second sectionTo assist in the large amounts of protein, the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is covered with many Ribosomes many of which can be found floating freely in the Cytoplasm.
The above speaks to the process of protein synthesis in the mammalian cell.
Ribosomes that are free or unattached float in the cell's interstitial fluid, or cytoplasm. Except for the nucleus and other organelles, they are free to roam about. The proteins produced by the detachable ribosomes are released straight into the cytoplasm for utilization by the cell.
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which of the following statements cite evidence that supports or led to the discovery of the cell theory. select all that apply.
- development of the microscope
- schledians observation of plant cells in various samples of the plant tissue
- cells were found in animal tissue
- watson's and cricks discovery of the structure of dna
- one celled organisms reproduce by binary fission
- plants carryout photosynthesis
-meiosis
- spontaneous generation is accepted amount scientist
Cell theory supports that all organisms are made up of cells. The following statements support the cell theory: Development of Microscope, Schledian's observation of plant cells in various samples of the plant tissue, cells were found in animal tissues, and one-celled organisms reproduce by binary fission. Thus, the correct options are 1, 2, 3, and 5.
What is Cell theory?Cell theory is a scientific theory which was first introduced in the mid-nineteenth century. The theory states that living organisms are made up of cells which are the basic structural/organizational unit of all organisms, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells.
The unified 3 main cell theories are as follows:
1. All living things are composed of one or more cells;
2. The cell is the basic unit of life;
3. New cells arise from existing cells.
Therefore, the correct options are 1, 2, 3, and 5.
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Can someone do this for me?
The variety of animals, plants, fungi, and even microorganisms like bacteria that make up our natural environment are all included in what is known as biodiversity. These various species and critters collaborate in complicated web-like ecosystems to keep things in balance and support life.
Short answer: Because biodiversity is vital.In order to make communities more resilient and less vulnerable to shocks like climate change and natural catastrophes, biodiversity is crucial. Ecosystems with the ability to control climate and reduce floods are unstable as a result of biodiversity loss.
What is biodiversity, and what kinds are there?The term "biodiversity" describes the range of plant and animal species that are found in a given location. It can be divided into the three categories below: Genetic variety is the variation found within species. Species diversity refers to the variety among species. Ecosystem diversity refers to the variety among ecosystems.
What impact do humans have on biodiversity?Land use change (mainly for large-scale food production), which is responsible for 30% of the global biodiversity decline, is the primary direct cause of biodiversity loss. The second major factor, accounting for 20%, is overexploitation (overfishing, overhunting, and overharvesting) for goods including food, medicine, and timber.
What dangers pose the greatest risk to biodiversity?There are five main risks to biodiversity, according to the UN's Convention on Biological Diversity. Changes in land and sea use, direct exploitation of natural resources, climate change, pollution, and invasive species are listed here in decreasing order.
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Calculate the force the man in applying to the van.
The force man is applying to push a van of 2000kg and acceleration of 0.05m/s/s is 100 N.
What is force?Force can move a body that is at rest and can also stop a moving body or slow it down. It can accelerate the speed of a moving body and can change the direction along with its shape and size of a moving body
The force is defined by Newton's second law of motion:
Force exerted by an object is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration
F = m ⨉ a.
SI units are Newtons for force, kilograms for mass, and meters per second squared for acceleration. A force can change velocity of the object with mass. It is a vector quantity as it has both magnitude and direction.
Given mass is 2000 kg and acceleration 0.05 m/s/s,
we can find force using formula:
F= m * a
= 2000 * 0.05
Force = 100 N
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Biology !! Please help
Hereby attaching an image that will help you understand the concept and find the answers:
What is the process of cellular respiration?The process by which organisms combine oxygen with food molecules, rerouting the chemical energy contained in these molecules into life-sustaining processes while excreting carbon dioxide and water as waste, is known as cellular respiration.
Organisms mix oxygen with food molecules during cellular respiration, directing the chemical energy in these substances toward life-sustaining processes while excreting carbon dioxide and water as waste.
While cells are respiring, oxygen may be present or not. However, because the cell seems to "respire" by ingesting molecular oxygen (as an electron acceptor) and releasing carbon dioxide, the process is essentially known as "cellular respiration" (as an end product).
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who contributed to the cell theory and what was their contribution
Answer:
By the late 1830s, botanist Matthias Schleiden and zoologist Theodor Schwann were studying tissues and proposed the unified cell theory. The unified cell theory states that: all living things are composed of one or more cells; the cell is the basic unit of life; and new cells arise from existing cells
Robert Hooke: (1663-1665)- The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665. He examined very thin slices of cork and saw many tiny pores. However, Hooke did not know their real structure or function.
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek: (1674-1683)- Leeuwenhoek made a microscope of glasses used by drapers by polishing tiny lenses of great curvature which gave magnifications up to 270× diameters, the finest known at that time.Leeuwenhoek was the first to see and describe bacteria(1674), yeast plants, the life present in a drop of water, etc.
Theodor Schwann(German zoologist):(1837-1839)- Matthias Schleiden found that all plants are composed of cells, and shared the finding with Schwann, who had found similar structures in the cells. Other researchers confirmed the similarity, after which he concluded, "All living things are composed of cells and cell products". This became the cell theory.
Matthias Schleiden(German botanist):(1839)- He stated that different parts of the plant organism are composed of cells. He also recognized the importance of the cell nucleus and told about its connection with cell division.
Rudolf Virchow:(1855)- Rudolf Virchow suggested that all cells come from pre-existing cells. His aphorism 'Omnis cellula e cellula' means every cell originates from pre-existing cell became the foundation of division, even if the process was not fully understood then.
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The model represents how electromagnetic radiation transmits energy
What does the model show?
OA. Several light waves circling a source
B. A single light wave traveling away from a source
C. Two light waves traveling perpendicularly to a source
D. Many light waves traveling away from a source
SUBMIT
The answer is option A: The model shows a single wave travelling away from a source.
This wave is also called a transverse wave.
A transverse wave in physics is one whose oscillations are parallel to the wave's advance direction. Comparatively, a longitudinal wave moves in the direction of its oscillations.
Find an image attached as the question is incomplete without the diagram.
How does an electromagnetic wave transmit energy?
Electrical and magnetic field vibrations are used to transport energy in electromagnetic waves. The vibration of air molecules or the particles of a substance that the sound is traveling through is how energy is conveyed in sound waves. The vibration of the water molecules occurs in water waves, which allows energy to be transferred.
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Answer each question completely. You may need to use your textbook, the class notes or any diagrams
provided.
1. The majority of energy used for metabolism is originally captured from light by photosynthetic
organisms. What names do we give to all organisms that can make their own food? (1 point)
2. The energy that is used by a cell is the molecule ATP. How does ADP become ATP. Use the diagrams at
the bottom of this worksheet to help you. (2 points)
3. What simple carbohydrate is used to store potential energy before it is transferred to ATP in an
organism? (1 point)
4. Name the two cellular processes that work together to store energy in food and transfer energy to ATP
in organisms. (2 points)
5. What process is represented by this equation?
6CO₂ + 6H₂0 + Lt. E → C₂H₁₂0, † 60₂
6. What process is represented by this equation?
C₂H₂₂0, +60, − 6CO₂ + 6H₂0 + ATP
Most of the energy utilized for metabolism is initially obtained from light by Photoautotrophic organisms.
What is the Molecule ATP ?A vital "energy molecule" present in all living things is adenosine 5′-triphosphate, also known as ATP and typically written without the 5′-. In particular, it is a coenzyme that transfers energy to cells by releasing its phosphate groups when it interacts with enzymes like ATP triphosphatase.The ATP molecule is the source of energy for a cell. By reattaching a free phosphate molecule to ADP and converting it back into ATP, it stores that energy.Lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates are three different types of molecules that the human body needs in order to produce the energy needed to power ATP synthesis.To learn more about Molecule ATP refer :
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Beginning with ancient and anaerobic bacteria list the sequence of steps leading to the first eukaryotic cell.
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if you commit a crime, you need to make sure that you do not leave even the smallest speck of blood, hair, or other organic matter from your body. if you do, the dna in this material can be amplified by , subjected to genetic analysis, and used to identify you as the perpetrator of the crime. question 7 options: pcr str analysis restriction digests
On a crime scene, even the smallest speck of blood, hair, or other organic matter from the culprit’s body is left. Then the DNA in this material can be amplified by using the PCR technique.
PCR stands for Polymerase chain reaction. This is a method used widely to make many copies of a specific DNA sample. This allows scientists to amplify a very small sample of DNA millions to billions of times and then they can match the DNA profile of the sample to that of the criminal.
Thus, PCR is an essential technique used by forensics to identify the preparator of the crime.
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An expert in demography is asked to predict changes to the population size of a small country. Which data about the country would be most useful for the expert to analyze? Select three answers.
A. population size
B. percentages of males and females
C. birthrate and death rate
D. age structure
E. population distribution between urban and rural areas
The data about the country that would be most useful for the expert to analyse are population size, Birth rate and death rate and Age structure. That is option A, C and D respectively.
What is population size?Population size is defined as the calculation of the number of individuals that are found in a particular geographical distribution.
This is an important tool when analysing a particular population.
The birth rate is defined as the number of births in every one thousand population while the death rate is the number of deaths in every one thousand population.
This parameter helps the expert to observe the effect of natural decrease or increase in the population under study.
Age structure: This structure shows the age composition of a particular population.
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between each presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron is a that is the fluid-filled space between them. each presynaptic neuron releases that binds with receptors in the segment of a postsynaptic neuron.
Between each presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron is a Synaptic cleft that is the fluid-filled space between them. Each presynaptic neuron releases a Neurotransmitter that binds with receptors in the Postsynaptic segment of a postsynaptic neuron.
The gap between the pre-and postsynaptic cells, also known as the synaptic cleft or synaptic gap, is around 20 nm (0.02 ) broad. Rapid changes in neurotransmitter concentration are made possible by the cleft's tiny volume. The primary purpose of the synaptic cleft is to create a place for the chemical transfer of nervous system information. These signals can also be regulated thanks to the synaptic cleft.
A postsynaptic neuron sends signals away from the synapse, whereas a presynaptic neuron sends signals toward a synapse. The synapse, a juncture where the terminal part of the axon contacts another neuron, is where information is transmitted from one neuron to another.
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Which of the following statements is not a function of phosphorus in living organisms?
*
1 point
It is a part of the cell membrane structures.
It is a part of the structure of bones.
It is used in the digestion of nitrates.
It is used in the synthesis of DNA.
The statement that is not a function of phosphorus in living organisms is option C: It is used in the digestion of nitrates.
What is phosphorus to living organisms?A lot of plants and animals require phosphorus as a nutrient. It is an essential component of molecules that store energy like ATP, DNA, and lipids and plays a significant role in cell development (fats and oils). Crop yields may decline as a result of low soil phosphorus levels.
Therefore, Phosphorus is mostly used in the development of bones and teeth. It has a significant impact on how the body utilizes fats and carbs. The production of protein by the body is also necessary for the development, upkeep, and healing of cells and tissues.
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Use the image above to help you respond to this question:
If you were able to float from Earth’s surface and into space, you would notice shifts in the temperature along the way. We know that the density of air molecules is lessening and it SHOULD get colder as you ascend, so explain why
the stratosphere behaves differently.
the thermosphere behaves differently.
20 POINTS PLEASE HELP
The stratosphere warms up as it ascends because it lacks turbulence and Due to variations in solar UV light the thermosphere behaves differently.
What makes the stratosphere unique?In contrast to the troposphere, the stratosphere actually warms up as it ascends! The stratosphere's air lacks the turbulence and updrafts that characterize the troposphere below due to the trend of rising temperatures with altitude.
What distinguishes the stratosphere?The very significant ozone layer is found in the stratosphere. The ozone layer aids in shielding us from the sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays. In actuality, the ozone layer filters out the majority of the UV rays the sun emits at us.
Without this layer of defense, there would be no such thing as life as we know it.
What makes the thermosphere special?The thermosphere is the portion of the atmosphere between 85 and 500 km altitude that contains the ionosphere.
Due to variations in solar UV light and solar-driven geomagnetic activity, it exhibits high temperatures and significant fluctuation.
What distinguishes the thermosphere from other layers?The thermosphere exactly refers to the layer of very extremely rare air that is present above the mesosphere.
The thermosphere becomes heated to hundreds or even thousands of degrees by the Sun's high-energy X-rays and UV radiation. However, because of how thin the air is, we would experience extreme cold in this stratum.
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______ are formed in stars’ cores as a result of fusion.
Ultraviolet waves
Radio waves
Gamma rays
Infrared waves
Gamma rays are formed in stars’ cores as a result of fusion.
Gamma rays are produced during the breakdown of radioactive atomic nuclei and the decay of particular subatomic particles. Gamma rays are also produced via the procedure of pair annihilation, where an electron and its antiparticle, a positron, disappear and two photons are created. Inside the star's core gamma rays are produced through the following steps:
Two protons in the Sun fuse. The pair breaks apart again frequently, but occasionally one of the protons changes into a neutron through the weak nuclear force. With the conversion into a neutron, a positron and neutrino are formed, which results in proton-neutron pair known as deuterium.A third proton crashes with the composed deuterium. This collision influences the construction of a helium-3 nucleus and a gamma ray. These gamma rays emit out from the core of the Sun and are released.Two helium-3 nuclei collide, creating a helium-4 nucleus plus two extra protons that exit as two hydrogens.To learn more about gamma ray here
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Place the hierarchy of biological organization in the correct order, from largest to smallest.
small intestine
animal cell
epithelial tissue
digestive system
carbohydrate
carbon atom
Answer:
Digestive System
Small intestine
epithelial tissue
Animal cell
Carbohydrate
Carbon atom
Explanation:
Students have been studying photosynthesis in their biology class and are using a computer simulation that allows them to test the effects of several variables on the products of both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis. In the simulation, they are able to increase or decrease the amounts of several compounds.
The prediction is that cell will produce some ATP but in much lower amounts than if oxygen was present if oxygen was removed from the muscle cell.
What is Respiration?This is referred to as the process in which an organism obtains energy which is usually in the form of ATP by combining oxygen and glucose, resulting in the release of carbon dioxide and water and is a vital metabolic process in the body.
Photosynthesis on the other hand is referred to as the process in which plants manufacture their food in the presence of sunlight and some compound such as water etc.
Since oxygen is vital in the production of energy then it therefore means that if oxygen was removed from the muscle cell then there will be a lower amount of ATP (energy) produced thereby making it the correct choice.
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The other part of the question is:
In one simulation, they are asked to change the initial concentrations of several gases, one at a time, to see the impact on ATP production in a muscle cell. If the students begin by removing oxygen from the muscle cell, what should they predict will occur?
Do trees have cells?
Answer: yes
Explanation: all living things have cells
have a lovely day
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
There are cells in all living organisms
in a population that is in hardy-weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype is 0.09. what is the frequency of individuals that are homozygous for the dominant allele?
0.49 is the frequency of individuals that are homozygous for the dominant allele.
What does the homozygous dominant genotype frequency's Hardy-Weinberg symbol represent?[tex]p^{2}[/tex] + 2pq + [tex]q^{2}[/tex] = 1 is the Hardy-Weinberg equation used to calculate genotype frequencies. In this case, "[tex]p^{2}[/tex]" stands for the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype (AA), "2pq" for the heterozygous genotype (Aa), and "[tex]q^{2}[/tex]" for the homozygous recessive genotype (aa).P and q in Hardy-Weinberg: What are they?The Hardy-Weinberg Law, which is stated by the formula p + q = 1, is an equation for determining the frequencies of various genotypes and alleles in a population in genetic equilibrium. In this instance, p denotes the frequency of the dominant allele and q, that of the recessive allele.To learn more about Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium visit:
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what would happen to your cells if you tried to drink ocean water
Answer:
the salt water causes harm to your cells and can cause dehydration
Explanation:
Describe the pathway taken by these molecules of carbon dioxide from the muscle cells to the blood
Explanation:
The blood can transport carbon dioxide in three different ways. Plasma proteins or haemoglobin hold it in place, it is dissolved directly in the blood, or it can be converted into bicarbonate.
Carbon dioxide is primarily transported by the bicarbonate system. The carbon dioxide diffuses into the red blood cells. Inside, carbonic anhydrase converts carbon dioxide into carbonic acid (H2CO3), which is subsequently hydrolyzed into bicarbonate (HCO−3) and H+. The H+ ion binds to haemoglobin in red blood cells, and bicarbonate is transported out of the red blood cells in exchange for a chloride ion. It is called the chloride shift.
The bicarbonate leaves the red blood cells and enters the blood plasma. The lungs transport bicarbonate back into the red blood cells in exchange for chloride. The H+ dissociates from haemoglobin and combines with bicarbonate to form carbonic acid with the help of carbonic anhydrase, which then catalyzes the reaction to turn carbonic acid back into water and carbon dioxide. As a result, carbon dioxide is expelled from the lungs.
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what occurs during the first event in muscle fiber contraction? select one: a. the muscle fiber membrane is stimulated and a muscle impulse travels deep into the fiber through transverse tubules. b. calcium ions diffuse from sarcoplasmic reticulum into the sarcoplasm and bind to troponin molecules. c. acetylcholine diffuses across a gap at a neuromuscular junction. d. acetylcholine is released from the end of the motor neuron.
d) Acetylcholine is released from the end of the motor neuron. It is the first event in muscle fiber contraction. This happens when muscle fibers get a signal from the brain through nerves to initiate the tension inside the muscle.
Muscle contraction starts once the sensory system produces a signal. This signal or impulse is generally called an action potential. It travels through a kind of nerve cell called a motor neuron. The neuromuscular junction is where the motor neuron arrives at a muscle cell. Skeletal muscle tissue is made out of cells called muscle strands. At the point when the sensory system signal arrives at the neuromuscular junction, a chemical message is delivered by the motor neuron.
A neurotransmitter called acetylcholine which acts as a chemical message binds to receptors outside of the muscle fiber. This is how this chemical reaction in muscle begins. This ultimately starts a multi-step molecular level cycle within the muscle fiber, once acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle fiber membrane.
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the site where a motor neuron excites a skeletal muscle fiber is called the neuromuscular junction. this activity will test your understanding of the sequence of events that occur at the neuromuscular junction.
The correct order of occurrence from left to right of the events that occur at the neuromuscular junction after the action potential reaches the axon terminal is as follows:
Ca²⁺ enters the axon terminal.Synaptic vesicles release ACh.ACh binds to ACh receptors.Ligand-gated cation channels open.Na+ enters and K⁺ exits.Membrane potential is less negativeWhat is the neuromuscular junction?The neuromuscular junction is described as a synaptic connection between the terminal end of a motor nerve and a muscle. It is the site for the transmission of action potential from the nerve to the muscle.
The neuromuscular junction has three basic components which include
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This is the full question:
The site where a motor neuron excites a skeletal muscle fiber is called the neuromuscular junction. This activity will test your understanding of the sequence of events that occur at the neuromuscular junction.
Using the images for help, place in the correct order of occurrence from left to right the events that occur at the neuromuscular junction after the action potential reaches the axon terminal.
Define the term Saccharomyces❕
Ty :))
Answer:
HOPE THIS HELPS
Explanation:
It is a genus of fungi that includes many species of yeasts. It is gotten from two Greek words. It is very important in food production. They are unicellular and sapo trophic fungi. Scientific name: Saccharomyces
Higher classification: Saccharomycetaceae
Division: Ascomycota
Kingdom: Fungi
Answer:
Any of a genus (Saccharomyces of the family Saccharomycetaceae) of usually unicellular yeasts (such as a brewer's yeast) that are distinguished by their sparse or absent mycelium and by their facility in reproducing asexually by budding.Help please fast!!!! I need this asap please someone help me now
When natural resources, both renewable and non-renewable, are used up more quickly than they can replenish, resource depletion occurs.
What is meant by the depletion of natural resources?In terms of natural resource accounting, depletion refers to the portion of harvest, logging, catch, and other activities that exceed the stock's sustainable level; for non-renewable resources, it refers to the volume of resources removed.
When natural resources, both renewable and non-renewable, are used up more quickly than they can replenish, resource depletion occurs. The phrase "resource depletion" is frequently linked to the use of water, fossil fuels, trees, and fisheries.
Natural resources including water, fuel, air, and soil are depleted, which results in competition between living things for the remaining sections and lowers the quality of the resources that are still available. The quality of some human activities has an impact on drinking water.
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Using the table on the right as a guide, answer the following questions about light-independent reactions.
Describe the process of light-independent reactions.
What are the products of light-independent reactions?
A table entitled light-dependent reactions is shown. The requirements are light, energy and water. The site is the thylakoid membrane. The process is light energy splits water and excites electrons in chlorophyll. A T P and N A D P H are produced. The products are A T P, N A D P H, and oxygen.
The products of light-independent reactions include the following:
GlucoseNADP+Water (H₂O).What is photosynthesis?Photosynthesis can be defined as a biological and chemical process through which living organisms such as green plants (autotrophs) convert light energy (sunlight) received from the Sun into chemical energy, in order to enable them make their food.
The stages of photosynthesis.In Science, there are (2) main reactions that make up the process of photosynthesis and these include following:
Light-dependent reactions.Light-independent reactions.What are light independent reactions?Light independent reactions can be defined as a type of photosynthetic reaction that occurs in the stroma of the chloroplasts and it requires the following necessary inputs:
Carbon dioxideAdenosine triphosphate (ATP)NADPHAdditionally, NADPH, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and oxygen are the outputs (end products) of photosynthesis.
In this context, we can reasonably infer and logically deduce that glucose, water (H₂O), and NADP+ constitute the products of every light independent reactions.
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Cite one problem and solution of human impact on ecosystem.
Positive effects of humans on the environment are possible. Humans can affect ecosystems in numerous ways, whether at the individual, communal, organizational, or governmental levels.
Describe an ecosystem:An ecosystem is a region where a bubble of life is created by plants, animals, and other organisms interact with the weather, landscape, and other factors. Abiotic variables, or nonliving elements, coexist with biotic components in ecosystems. Biotic components include plants, animals, and other species.
Which four ecosystems are examples?Agroecosystems, aquatic ecosystems, reefs, deserts, forests, human ecosystems, littoral zones, ocean life, prairies, rainforests, savannas, steppes, taiga, tundra, urban ecosystems, and others are some examples of ecosystems.
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when similar characteristics are similar due to the existence of shared ancestry, what is this called group of answer choices homology bias convergent evolution homoplasy
When similar characteristics are similar due to the existence of shared ancestry, this is called as homology.
In the field of evolution, homology can be described as the existence of similar characteristics in organisms that are not similar due to their shared ancestry. Although these organisms might be completely different from each other now but a common characteristic arises in between them due to a common ancestor.
For example, the limbs of a bat and a human are homologous to each other because they are made of the same bone structure which was present in a common ancestor in between them.
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Given the shape of these graphs, do you think Earth's population will reach
carrying capacity? What might be some limiting factors? What do you think
will happen if we do reach carrying capacity?
Please take your time to provide a thoughtful response.
1) blue line: by the year 3000 the population will not have reached its carrying capacity. Orange line: by the year 3000 the population will reach its carrying capacity (K=11 billion individuals). Green line: by the year 2500 human population will reach its carrying capacity (K = 8 billion individuals). 2) water, food, and space availability. Natural disasters and uncontrolled human activities. 3) if we do reach carrying capacity we will keep growing in size until N>K, and then decrease.
What is the carrying capacity?Carrying capacity (K) refers to the maximum point at which the environment can support a growing population.
K is a constant. It coincides with the population size when the natality rate and mortality rate are equal to each other. This is the equilibrium point.
If the population size, N, is inferior to K (N<K), the population still grows. When N approximates K (N≅K), the population's growth speed decreases. When N=K, the population reaches equilibrium, When N is superior to K (N>K), the population must decrease in size because there are not enough resources to maintain that size.So when the population size exceeds K, carrying capacity makes the population decrease in size. This is because there are not enough resources for this population to survive.
The carrying capacity might be affected by different factors, known as limiting factors, which might be a result of the population density (for example, competition, predation, parasitism) or might be density-independent (human impact or natural disasters).
In the exposed graph,
1) Do you think Earth's population will reach carrying capacity?
It depends on the line we analyze,
The blue lineIt represents the highest predicted population growth.
There is no explicit carrying capacity point in this line since the curve has not reached a plane yet.
It seems that, by the year 3000, the human population will still be growing.
The orange line
It represents the medium-predicted population growth.
The carrying capacity point seems around 11 billion individuals, which is where the curve has reached its plane.
This graph represents that by the year 3000, the human population will have reached its carrying capacity, and it will be in equilibrium.
The green line
It represents the lowest predicted population growth.
The carrying capacity point seems slightly higher than 8 billion individuals, which is where the curve has reached its plane.
This graph represents that by the year 2500, the human population will have reached its carrying capacity (8 billion individuals), and after that year it will decrease. By the year 3000 there might be around 7 billion individuals.
2) What might be some limiting factors?
Limiting factors:
dense-dependent factors ⇒ food, water, and space availabilitydense-independent factors ⇒ natural disasters caused by the increase in uncontrolled human avtivities.3) What do you think will happen if we do reach carrying capacity?
When the human population reaches its carrying capacity, I believe there will be no control on population growth and resource use, so it will keep growing until N > K, and then it will need to obligatory decrease in size.
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