Clayton is a psychologist who runs a counseling center for older adults. In his center, the clients meet every week and form groups in which each individual narrates his or her past activities and events. Clayton encourages the members of the groups to share old photographs related to their life events and tell anecdotes about their experiences. This scenario illustrates the use of ________ therapy.
A) cognitive behavioral
B) past life regression
C) reminiscence
D) rational emotive

A crustal block that is downthrown with a steep fault scarp on either side is a Horst.

A horst is an elevated portion of the Earth's crust that is surrounded by normal faults. It develops when tensional forces cause the crust to stretch and crack, which pushes a block of rock upward. On both sides of the horst, there are steep fault scarps or cliffs where the rock strata have been vertically displaced. Horsts frequently occur in rift zones or tectonic extension zones.

The German word for "woodpile" or "horst" is used to characterize these raised crustal blocks in contrast to the nearby down-dropped crustal blocks known as grabens. In contrast to a horst, where the center block is raised or elevated, a graben has its core block downthrown, producing a depressed region.

In areas experiencing crustal extension or rifting, such as the East African Rift System and the Basin and Range Province in the western United States, horsts and grabens are frequent geological features.

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According to Auguste Comte, knowledge of society should be based on empirical observation, scientific method, and positivism.

Comte, as the founder of sociology, believed that human societies evolve through three stages: theological, metaphysical, and scientific. In the scientific stage, knowledge should be derived from empirical data and logical reasoning. Positivism, a key concept in Comte's philosophy, emphasizes the importance of observable facts and systematic inquiry in understanding social phenomena. This approach rejects speculation and subjective interpretations, instead focusing on verifiable evidence and objective analysis. Comte's ideas were crucial in shaping the development of sociology as a discipline, encouraging researchers to investigate social issues through a scientific lens, grounded in empirical observation and critical thinking. By doing so, Comte believed that society could achieve progress and address various social problems, ultimately leading to a more harmonious and rational social order.

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Research suggests that, with regard to social class, arrest for serious crime is often influenced by various factors such as poverty, race, education level, and employment status. Individuals who come from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.

This can be due to several reasons, including limited access to resources, exposure to violence and crime in their communities, and a lack of opportunities for economic mobility. Studies have shown that individuals who are unemployed or underemployed are at a higher risk of being arrested for serious crimes. This is because they may turn to criminal activities as a means of survival or to gain financial stability. Additionally, individuals who have limited educational opportunities may not have the skills or knowledge to secure a well-paying job, which can lead to financial struggles and potentially criminal behavior.

In conclusion, research suggests that social class plays a significant role in determining the likelihood of arrest for serious crime. Individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, particularly those who are unemployed or underemployed, are at a higher risk of being arrested for serious crimes. Additionally, individuals from racial and ethnic minority groups are more likely to be represented in the criminal justice system due to systemic biases and discrimination.

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The false statement about services trade for India and China is that China exports more services than India does.

India actually has a comparative advantage in the export of services, particularly in areas such as information technology and business process outsourcing. India's services sector has experienced significant growth in recent years, and it has become a major player in the global services market. On the other hand, while China is a dominant player in the global goods trade, its services trade has traditionally been smaller in comparison.

Therefore, statement (a) is false, as India exports more services than China.

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From an optimistic humanism perspective, what is true of every human being is their inherent worth and potential for growth and fulfillment.

Optimistic humanism emphasizes the positive aspects of human nature and emphasizes the belief that all individuals possess intrinsic value and dignity. It recognizes that every human being has unique qualities, abilities, and capacities that contribute to their personal development and well-being.

This perspective acknowledges that while individuals may face challenges and struggles, they also have the capacity for growth, self-improvement, and the pursuit of meaningful lives. Optimistic humanism emphasizes the importance of personal agency, autonomy, and the ability to make choices that align with one's values and aspirations.

Furthermore, optimistic humanism recognizes the significance of human connections and the potential for empathy, compassion, and cooperation among individuals. It highlights the value of relationships, community, and social support in fostering well-being and personal flourishing.

In summary, from an optimistic humanism perspective, it is true that every human being possesses inherent worth, potential for growth, and the capacity to lead fulfilling lives.

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The Industrial Revolution had a significant impact on people's self-reliance and played a crucial role in the growth of towns and cities.

Here's how these changes occurred:

1. Shift from Self-Reliance to Dependency: Prior to the Industrial Revolution, people relied heavily on self-sufficiency and local production. They were involved in culture or cottage industries, producing goods for their own consumption or local markets. With the advent of industrialization, the production of goods shifted from homes to factories. People increasingly became reliant on factories and mass production for their daily needs, culture away from self-reliance.

2. Division of Labor and Specialization: Industrialization introduced the division of labor, where tasks were divided into specialized roles. This led to increased efficiency and productivity. However, it also resulted in individuals specializing in specific tasks and becoming dependent on others for the goods and services they did not produce themselves. This specialization reduced self-reliance as people relied on others within the production chain for their needs.

3. Urbanization and Migration: The Industrial Revolution brought about significant urbanization as factories emerged in towns and cities. Rural populations migrated to urban areas in search of employment opportunities in factories. The growth of industries and urban centers created a demand for workers, leading to the concentration of populations in towns and cities. This shift from rural to urban living further reduced self-reliance as people became dependent on the services and infrastructure available in urban areas.

4. Infrastructure and Services: Towns and cities experienced rapid growth during the Industrial Revolution to accommodate the increasing population and industrial activities. The development of transportation networks, such as railways and canals, facilitated the movement of goods and people. Urban areas also provided better access to services like healthcare, education, and entertainment, making them attractive places to live and work.

5. Economic Opportunities: The concentration of industries in towns and cities created new economic opportunities. Factory jobs, trade, and commerce flourished, offering employment and income prospects. This drew people away from rural areas where opportunities were limited. The growth of towns and cities offered individuals the chance to engage in various occupations and benefit from economic advancements.

In summary, the Industrial Revolution shifted people's reliance from self-sufficiency to dependence on mass production and specialized labor. The growth of towns and cities was driven by urbanization, migration, improved infrastructure, and the availability of economic opportunities in industrial centers. These changes transformed the social and economic fabric, significantly impacting people's self-reliance and prompting the growth of urban areas.

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There are several reasons why victims of sexual abuse may fail to report the abuse. Some of these reasons include:
Fear: Victims may fear retaliation or harm from their abuser if they report the abuse. They may also fear that they will not be believed or that they will be blamed for the abuse.

Shame and guilt: Victims of sexual abuse may feel ashamed or guilty about what has happened to them. They may feel that they have done something wrong or that they are somehow responsible for the abuse. Lack of support: Victims of sexual abuse may not have a support system in place that can help them cope with the trauma of the abuse.

Trauma: Sexual abuse can cause long-term emotional and psychological trauma, which can make it difficult for victims to come forward and report the abuse.  Cultural and social factors: In some cultures and societies, there is a stigma attached to being a victim of sexual abuse. Victims may fear being ostracized or discriminated against if they report the abuse.

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Privileged New Englanders viewed the Irish People as worse than freed Blacks due to religious and cultural differences.

The predominantly Protestant New Englanders held biases against the predominantly Catholic Irish immigrants, leading to discriminatory attitudes and perceptions. The Irish were seen as a threat to the existing social order, language, and customs, contributing to negative stereotypes and prejudice.

This prejudice was based on deep-rooted religious and cultural biases, rather than any objective measure of worth or value. Over time, as assimilation and integration occurred, these biases gradually diminished, but the historical discrimination against the Irish serves as a reminder of the impact of religious and cultural differences on societal perceptions.

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Complete Question:

the irish were once thought to be worse than freed blacks by privileged new englanders because of what ?

In the poem "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" by T.S. Eliot, the speaker, Prufrock, can be described as self-conscious, introspective, and insecure.

His feelings about himself are characterized by self-doubt and hesitation, as he contemplates his inadequacy and fears judgment from others.

He is constantly questioning himself and his actions, and he seems to have a negative self-image. He is self-conscious about his physical appearance, describing himself as "thin" and "balding," and he worries about how others perceive him.

He is also plagued by a sense of inadequacy and feels that he has not accomplished enough in his life. Prufrock's feelings about himself are complex and often contradictory, but they are ultimately rooted in a sense of anxiety and insecurity.

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Answer: Groundhog Day (February 2)

Explanation:

We watch Groundhog Day to see how long winter will last.

John is a judge, and his primary function, along with other judges, is to interpret and uphold the law.

Judges play a critical role in ensuring that justice is served by impartially and fairly interpreting the laws of the land. They listen to evidence presented by both parties and make decisions based on legal precedents and statutes.

Judges are also responsible for ensuring that trials are conducted in accordance with established rules and procedures, such as the rules of evidence and due process. They have the authority to issue rulings, make decisions, and impose sentences in criminal cases.

Furthermore, judges play a critical role in preserving the rights and freedoms of citizens by upholding the Constitution and ensuring that laws and regulations do not violate individual rights. In essence, judges act as guardians of justice, ensuring that the rule of law is upheld and that all individuals receive fair and impartial treatment under the law.

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Nonunion workers in an agency who benefit from collective bargaining agreements should share in the cost of negotiations because they also receive the benefits negotiated by the union, such as higher wages and better working conditions. Additionally, it helps to promote a more fair and equitable workplace by ensuring that all workers are contributing to the cost of bargaining and not just the union members.

~~~Harsha~~~

True, one criticism of mission statements is that they are often too ambiguous to be useful as a meaningful source of organizational direction. This can lead to confusion and lack of clarity in setting goals and objectives for the organization.

Criticism refers to the act of expressing disapproval, evaluation, or judgment about something or someone. It involves the analysis, assessment, and questioning of ideas, actions, policies, or practices to identify weaknesses, flaws, or areas of improvement. Criticism can be constructive, aiming to provide feedback and suggestions for enhancement, or it can be negative and focused on highlighting faults or shortcomings. It plays a vital role in promoting accountability, stimulating dialogue, and driving progress in various domains such as art, literature, politics, science, and social issues. Criticism encourages critical thinking, fosters debate, and challenges existing norms and assumptions to facilitate growth and change.

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Given that self-efficacy is based on social cognitive theory, self-efficacy come from c. It is learned over time.

According to social cognitive theory, self-efficacy is developed through learning and experience. It is not inherited, but rather shaped by the individual's environment and interactions with others. Peer influence can certainly play a role in the development of self-efficacy, as social interactions and feedback can impact an individual's beliefs about their abilities and effectiveness. However, the most important factor in developing self-efficacy is through personal experiences and accomplishments. When an individual succeeds in a task or achieves a goal, it can increase their confidence and belief in their abilities. Additionally, secure attachments in childhood can also contribute to the development of self-efficacy, as individuals who have experienced consistent support and positive reinforcement from caregivers may be more likely to believe in their abilities and feel confident in their relationships and interactions with others. Overall, self-efficacy is not a static trait but rather a dynamic construct that can be influenced and developed throughout one's lifespan.

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The statement that the term "friend" has pretty much the same meaning for all cultural groups is not entirely accurate.

Definition of friendship:

Different cultures may have different definitions and standards of what a friend is. Some cultures count acquaintances and casual social contacts as friends, while others have stricter standards and use the term to describe deeper, more intimate relationships. Intimacy Level:

The level of emotional intimacy and intimacy expected or valued in friendships varies by culture. Some cultures emphasize deep emotional bonds and loyalty in friendship, while others place more emphasis on the practical or instrumental aspects of friendship.

Society Expectations and Obligations:

Cultural norms can shape the expectations and promises associated with friendships. In some cultures friendships are accompanied by strong bonds, obligations and responsibilities, while in other cultures friendships are more flexible and informal.

Social boundaries:

The extent to which friendship crosses social boundaries such as age, gender, and social class varies by culture. While some cultures may have strict boundaries and restrictions on who can be friends, others are more open and inclusive.  

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The greatest improvement in forecasting skill during the past decade can vary depending on the specific field or domain of forecasting. However, there have been notable advancements in several areas.

Here are a few examples:

Weather Forecasting: Weather forecasting has seen significant advancements in the past decade, with improved models, data assimilation techniques, and computing power. The introduction of high-resolution models, ensemble forecasting, and improved satellite and radar technologies has led to more accurate and detailed weather predictions.

Economic Forecasting: Economic forecasting has also experienced advancements in recent years. Improved statistical models, incorporation of big data and machine learning techniques, and enhanced understanding of economic indicators have contributed to more accurate economic forecasts. Additionally, advancements in data availability and real-time economic data have provided analysts with better tools for forecasting economic trends.

Energy Demand Forecasting: The energy sector has witnessed improvements in forecasting techniques for energy demand. The integration of advanced statistical models, artificial intelligence, and machine learning algorithms has helped in better predicting energy consumption patterns, optimizing energy distribution, and facilitating more efficient energy planning.

Sales and Demand Forecasting: In the business world, sales and demand forecasting have benefited from advancements in data analytics and predictive modeling. The availability of large datasets, improved algorithms, and better understanding of consumer behavior have enhanced forecasting accuracy for businesses in various industries, such as retail, e-commerce, and supply chain management.

It's important to note that forecasting is a broad field, and advancements can be seen in various domains. The greatest improvement in forecasting skill may differ depending on the specific context and area of application.

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The for loop is an excellent tool for working with arrays since it allows us to process every element in the array sequentially. The statement is true.  

When working with arrays, it is common to perform a particular operation on every element, and the for loop simplifies this task. The for loop allows us to define the starting point, ending point, and the increment value of the loop variable. We can use these parameters to traverse the array from the first element to the last element, performing the desired operation on each element.
For example, let's say we have an array of integers named "numbers," and we want to print each element of the array. We can use a for loop to achieve this task:

``int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

for (int i = 0; i < numbers.length; i++) {
   System.out.println(numbers[i]);
}
```
In this example, we define a loop variable "i" that starts at 0 and increments by 1 until it reaches the length of the array "numbers." The loop variable "i" is used to access each element in the array, and we print its value using the println() method.

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Absentmindedness A “sin of memory” is a sin of omission (as opposed to committing).

Option d is correct

Lack of consciousness refers to forgetfulness or inattention leading to lack or loss of memory. In doing so, the information is not properly encoded or retrieved, resulting in the omission of important details and events. For example, forgetting where you left your keys or not remembering an appointment can cause you to drift off.

False attribution is attributing a memory or piece of information to the wrong source. For example, conflating a dream with a real memory or attributing a quote to the wrong person are cases of misidentification.

hence, Option d is correct

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A short answer question is a type of question that requires a brief and specific response, typically one or a few sentences long. It is often used in academic settings, such as exams or quizzes, to assess students' understanding of a particular topic or concept. Short answer questions usually require students to recall information or provide a brief explanation or analysis of a particular issue. Examples of short answer questions include those found on the APUSH exam, such as describing historical continuities or changes in relations between American Indians and the United States during a specific period.
A short answer question example can be found through the APUSH exam by College Board. Some examples include:

a) Briefly describe ONE specific historical continuity in relations between American Indians and the United States in the period from 1776 to 1815.

b) Briefly describe ONE specific historical change in relations between American Indians and the United States in the period from 1776 to 1815.

c) Briefly explain how ONE historical development in the period from 1815 to 1848 arose from earlier changes in relations between American Indians and the United States.

These questions require concise responses focused on specific historical events or developments.

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It is difficult to determine the age of Maxwell solely based on the fact that he has begun displaying the emotion of anger. While anger is a complex emotion that typically develops during early childhood, it is not uncommon for individuals of all ages to experience anger.

Additionally, the age at which an individual begins to display anger can vary greatly depending on a number of factors, including their personal experiences, environmental factors, and developmental stages.That being said, if we were to make an educated guess about Maxwell's age based on the information provided, it is possible that he may be a child or adolescent.

This is because anger is often a common emotion during these developmental stages as individuals learn to navigate their emotions and assert their independence. However, it is important to note that this is purely speculation and without further information about Maxwell and his behavior, it is impossible to accurately determine his age based on this single piece of information.

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The statement "if neurons are successively or simultaneously active, the strength of the connections among them increases" describes the phenomenon known as Hebbian plasticity.

Explanation: Hebbian plasticity is a fundamental concept in neuroscience that describes the process by which the strength of connections between neurons can be modified based on their activity. According to this principle, if neurons are successively or simultaneously active, the connections between them become stronger. This means that when one neuron consistently or repeatedly activates another neuron, the synapses between them become more efficient, leading to enhanced communication and signaling between the neurons.

Hebbian plasticity plays a crucial role in the formation and modification of neural circuits in the brain. It is an important mechanism underlying learning, memory, and synaptic plasticity, which is the ability of the brain's connections to change and adapt in response to experience and environmental stimuli.

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This statement seems to be a philosophical assertion that is open to interpretation.

It may suggest that everything in existence is random and devoid of purpose or meaning. It also implies that life is fragile and temporary, subject to the whims of chance. However, some may argue that life does have meaning and purpose, even if it is not immediately apparent or easily understood. Others may suggest that while life is unpredictable, individuals have the power to shape their own destiny to some extent. Ultimately, the concept of why things exist and what gives them meaning is a topic that has puzzled philosophers for centuries. While there may not be a clear answer to this question, exploring it can lead to a deeper understanding of ourselves and the world around us.

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The correct statement regarding optimal dividend policy is: f. (a) and (c) that is to mitigate agency problems between managers and shareholders, firms should reduce their dividend payments and when the corporate tax rate is increased relative to personal tax rates, it becomes more beneficial to increase payout to shareholders.

Firms should cut dividend payouts to prevent agency concerns between management and shareholders: This assertion is valid. Firms can retain earnings and use them for investment opportunities or to meet financial requirements by lowering dividend payments.

As the company tax rate rises relative to personal tax rates, it becomes more advantageous to raise dividend payout to shareholders: This is also a correct statement. When the corporation tax rate is greater than the personal tax rate, boosting dividend payout to shareholders may be more profitable.

The remaining statements, b. through h., are either inaccurate or do not fully represent the ideal dividend policy in terms of agency issues, capital markets, and tax considerations.

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The deputy warden who would most likely oversee the library, mental health services, and religious services is the deputy warden for special services (Option A).

The deputy warden for special services is typically responsible for managing various specialized services within a correctional facility, including but not limited to the library, mental health services, and religious services. These services often fall under the umbrella of "special services" as they cater to the specific needs and well-being of the incarcerated population.

While the other deputy wardens listed may have different responsibilities within a correctional facility, such as administration (Option B), operations (Option C), or unit management (Option D), the deputy warden for special services is specifically assigned to oversee and coordinate these specialized areas of service provision.

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The c. strengths perspective, The strengths perspective is a theoretical framework commonly used by social workers that focuses on identifying and building on the strengths and resources of individuals, families, and communities to promote positive change and growth.

The other options, oppositional perspective, ethical perspective, and psychoanalytic perspective, are not commonly used theoretical frameworks in social work practice.

The strengths perspective is a theoretical framework commonly used by social workers. It focuses on identifying and building upon the individual's strengths and resources, rather than solely concentrating on their problems or deficits. This approach helps empower individuals and communities, fostering resilience and growth.

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Chicago blues are a term used to define Chicago style. The Chicago Style employs a system of a bibliography and either endnotes or footnotes, as opposed to in-text citations, and is typically employed for academic writing in history and the humanities.

The majority of citations consist of three essential parts: the author's name, the source's title, and the date of publication. Since its initial publication in 1906, the University of Chicago Press has consistently published The Chicago Manual of Style, an American English usage and style manual. It is now extensively utilised in many academic fields and is regarded as the benchmark for US publishing style. Research about the past is extremely popular in Chicago style.

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Bunyan's characters in "Pilgrim's Progress" are more than just symbols because they possess depth and complexity, representing real human experiences and emotions.


"Pilgrim's Progress" is a Christian allegorical novel written by John Bunyan in the 17th century. The book follows the journey of the protagonist, Christian, as he travels from the City of Destruction to the Celestial City, encountering various characters and obstacles along the way. The characters in the book, although symbolic in nature, are not one-dimensional representations of abstract concepts. Instead, they are crafted with unique traits, personalities, and struggles that mirror real human experiences. Bunyan's intention was to create relatable characters that would resonate with readers and convey moral and spiritual messages effectively. Through the characters' development and interactions, readers are encouraged to reflect on their own lives and contemplate deeper truths.

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In school, children learn knowledge and skills, as well as gender roles. Schools are gendered institutions. The correct option is A.

The term "gendered institutions" refers to social structures and systems that reinforce and perpetuate gender roles, norms, and expectations. Schools are considered gendered institutions because they play a significant role in shaping and transmitting gender-related behaviors, attitudes, and stereotypes to children.

Through various mechanisms such as curriculum, teaching practices, and social interactions, schools contribute to the construction and reinforcement of gendered identities and roles.

The correct option is A.

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The primary difference between the research designs of neo-Freudians and Freud's research design is that neo-Freudians tend to focus more on social factors and interpersonal relationships, whereas Freud focused mainly on the unconscious mind and biological drives.

Freud's research design emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind, psychosexual development, and the role of instincts and biological drives in shaping human behavior. His methods were primarily based on case studies, introspection, and dream analysis.

Neo-Freudians, such as Erik Erikson, Carl Jung, and Karen Horney, expanded on Freud's theories by incorporating social and interpersonal factors into their research designs. They recognized the influence of culture, social environment, and relationships on human behavior and psychological development. This led to the development of new theories, such as Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, Jung's analytical psychology, and Horney's theories on neurosis. The research methods of neo-Freudians also tended to be more diverse, including the use of empirical studies and cross-cultural comparisons.

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One of the clusters of personality disorders defined in DSM-5 is odd or eccentric behaviors. So, the correct choice is Option A.

The DSM-5, which stands for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, classifies personality disorders into three clusters based on similar symptom patterns. Cluster A comprises personality disorders characterized by odd or eccentric behaviors.

Cluster A includes three specific personality disorders:

The common feature among these disorders is the presence of odd or eccentric behaviors that may impair social functioning and lead to distress or impairment in various areas of life.

It's important to note that the DSM-5 provides diagnostic criteria and guidelines for professionals in the field of mental health. Accurate diagnosis and assessment should be done by qualified healthcare professionals based on a comprehensive evaluation of an individual's symptoms and clinical presentation.

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