1) If the temperature of the system increases, the equilibrium constant k decreases.
2) the concentration of H₂ increases.
The reaction is given as :
CO + 2H₂ ⇄ CH₃OH ΔH = -91.8 KJ ( exothermic reaction)
1) Temperature is the only factor that changes the equilibrium constant for the given reaction. As temperature increases equilibrium constant decreases because the reaction is exothermic reaction.
K = [ CH₃OH ] / [CO] [H₂]²
2) If the temperature increases the position of equilibrium moves to the left and concentration of H₂ increases.
Thus, 1) If the temperature of the system increases, the equilibrium constant k decreases.
2) the concentration of H₂ increases.
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I am not sure what the answer would be.
If 22.2 g of iodine reacts with excess hydrogen gas, the amount, in grams, of hydrogen iodide that would be formed is 44.75 grams.
Stoichiometric problemFrom the balanced equation of the reaction, as shown in the illustration, the mole ratio of the iodine that reacts and the hydrogen iodide that forms is 1:2.
22.2 g of iodine reacted.
Recall that: mole = mass/molar mass
Molar mass of iodine = 126.9 g/mol
Mole of iodine that reacted = 22.2/126.9
= 0.1749 moles
From the mole ratio, the equivalent mole of hydrogen iodide that will be produced is:
0.1749 x 2 = 0.3499 moles
Recall that: mass = mole x molar mass
Molar mass of hydrogen iodide = 127.9 g/mol
Mass of 0.3499 mole hydrogen iodide = 0.3499 x 127.9
= 44.75 grams
Thus, the amount of hydrogen iodide that will be produced is 44.75 grams.
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Use words and arrows to draw a diagram that shows whether energy is added or removed during changes in state among solid, liquid, and gas.
Energy is added in the conversion of solid to liquids and then the conversion of liquids to gases.
What is change of state?We know that matter occurs in three states; Solid, liquid and gas. Now, we know that solid matter has its particles held together in place such that they do not move about from place to place. The particles of a liquid are not held so closely together hence they do not translate to a large extent. The molecules of a gas are very much free and move about freely from place to place.
Now, we know a solid can be converted to a liquid when it is heated such that the molecules of the solid receive more kinetic energy and move faster and the rigid intermolecular forces that hold them together are broken down thus heat is added.
When we add more heat to the liquid, the intermolecular forces also break down and the we have the gaseous state in which there are no bonds between the molecules.
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14) Identify which types of acid-base reactions are reversible and which ones are
irreversible.
Acid-base reactions are reversible and which ones are irreversible then the 1st reaction is HA + H₂O ↔ A⁻ + H₃O⁺ is the reversible reaction and in the 2nd reaction MOH → M⁺ + OH⁻ is the reversible reaction and 3rd reaction is HA+H₂O → A⁻ + H₃O⁺ is the irreversible reaction
Acid base reaction is the chemical reaction that occur when acid and base are mixed together called acid base reaction and irreversible reaction means they can occur only in one direction the reactants can change to the products but the products cannot change back to the reactants and reversible reaction means chemical reaction occur in both direction the reactants can change to the products and the products can also change back to the reactants and in that given reactions
1st reaction is HA + H₂O ↔ A⁻ + H₃O⁺ is the reversible reaction because it goes in the both direction called as reversible reaction2nd reaction MOH → M⁺ + OH⁻ is the reversible reaction because in that reaction product can also back to the reactant called as reversible reaction 3rd reaction is HA+H₂O → A⁻ + H₃O⁺ is the irreversible reaction because in that reaction acid are treated with water that's why it is called irreversible reactionKnow more about reversible irreversible
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how many magnesium sulfate are in 2,5 magnesium sulfate?
Answer:
Each 2 ml ampoule contains 4 mmol Mg2+ (equivalent to 1 g magnesium sulfate heptahydrate). Each 10 ml ampoule contains 20 mmol Mg2+ (equivalent to 5 g magnesium sulfate heptahydrate). The concentrations of magnesium ions (Mg2+) in millimoles are given as approximate values.
how many atoms are in a tetrahedral molecule?
Answer:
There would be 4 atoms in a tetrahedral molecule.
Explanation:
Answer: 4 atoms
Explanation:
which 5 systems help u change from a child to a adult
The five systems that helps us grow from a child to adult are excretory, integumentary, digestive, respiratory and cardiovascular system.
What are body systems?The body systems are the combination two or more systems located in the body that helps in the maintenance of hemostasis of the body.
Examples of body systems include the following:
Excretory system: This is the system that contains organs that helps in the removal of metabolic wastes from the body.The integumentary system: This is the system that protects the delicate internal organs of the body.The digestive system: This is the system that helps in the breaking down of food substances for body use.The respiratory system: This is the system that helps in the oxygenation of blood.The cardiovascular system: This is the system that helps in the pumping of blood throughout the body.Learn more about body systems here:
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1. What is the molarity of 245.0 g of H₂SO4 dissolved in 1.00 L of solution?
2. What is the molarity of 5.00 g of NaOH in 750.0 mL of solution?
3. How many moles of NaCl are contained in 100.0 mL of a 0.20 M solution?
4. Determine the number of moles of solute in 16.00 mL of a 0.415-molar Pb(NO3)2 solution.
5. What weight (in grams) of H₂SO4 would be needed to make 750.0 mL of 2.00 M solution?
6. What weight (in grams) of KCI is there in 2.50 liters of 0.50 M KCI solution?
7. What volume (in mL) of 18.0 M H₂SO4 is needed to contain 2.45 g H₂SO4?
8.
Determine the volume in L of the solution with 48.00 grams of PbCl₂ needed to form a 5.0-molar
solution.
9. What volume of 0.250 M KCI is needed to make 100.0 mL of 0.100 M solution?
10. A stock solution of 10.0 M NaOH is prepared. From this solution, you need to make 250.0 mL of
0.375 M solution. How many mL will be required?
The molarity of 245.0 g of H₂SO4 dissolved in 1.00 L of solution is 2.498M. the molarity of 5.00 g of NaOH in 750.0 mL of solution is 0.167M.
Molar ConcentrationA chemical species' concentration in a solution, specifically the amount of a solute per unit volume of solution, is measured by its molar concentration.
The number of moles per liter when denoted by the unit symbol mol/L or mol/dm3 in SI units, is the mostly used unit used for denoting molarity in chemistry. The secret to determining molarity is to keep in mind that it is measured in moles per liter (M).
MV = grams / molar mass
(x)*(1.000 L) = (245.0 g) / (98.0768 g mol¯1)
x = 2.49804235 M
So, calculating it to 4 significant figures, x = 2.498 M
For 2nd question
Applying the same formula, MV = grams / molar mass
(x) (0.7500 L) = 5.00 g / 39.9969 g mol¯1
(x) (0.7500 L) = 0.1250097 mol
x = 0.1666796 M
x = 0.167 M (when calculated to three Significant figures)
For 3rd question,
using variation of the same formula,
0.200 M = x / 0.1000 L
x = 0.0200 mol
For the 4th question,
MV = moles of solute
no of moles x = (0.415 mol L¯1) (0.01600 L)
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When 25.0 mL of 0.500 M AgNO, solution is mixed with 40.0 mL of 0.250 M Na SO4, solid Ag-SO4 precipitates out. What
mass of AgSO4 is formed?
(The molar mass of Ag:SO, is 311.8 g/mol.)
Answer:
Explanation:
yyyyyyyyyyyy
How many moles of BaSO, could be made from 1.25 mol
of Al₂(SO4), provided that sufficient amounts of any
icale are available
Answer: A mole of Aluminium Sulphate contains 12 moles of Oxygen
So
12
1
×0.24
Moles of Aluminium Sulphate contains 0.24 moles of Oxygen
So 2×10
−2
Moles is the answer
Explanation:
Moist air at atmospheric presure, 80 ℃ and relative humidity 40% enters a cooler .
What is the mole fraction yv of H2O in the moist entering air?
How many total moles (air plus water molecules) are in 1m^3 of moist entering air?
How many moles of DA (dry air) ?
The Antoine equation with T in C and p in mm Hg has coefficients for water given by
0 to 60 ℃ : A= 8.10765 B=1750.286 C=235.000
60 to 150℃ : A=7.96681 B=1668.210 C= 228.000
help me i don't know
explain me hahaha
A bottle contains 2.55L of gas at STP.How many moles of gas are present?mol
Explanation:
We are given: volume = 2.55L
At STP: Temperature = 273.15 K
: Pressure = 1 atm
: R = 0.08205 L.atm/mol.K
Using the ideal gas law:
[tex]\begin{gathered} PV\text{ = nRT} \\ \\ \therefore\text{ n = }\frac{PV}{RT}\text{ = }\frac{1\times2.55}{0.08205\times273.15}\text{ = 0.11 mol} \end{gathered}[/tex]Answer:
n = 0.11 mol
What statement best describes why a chemical change. is different from a physical change?
Answer: a physical change is something we can see, but a chemical change is not always something that we can see.
Explanation: Physical changes show a change in appearance.
There are chemical changes when two aqueous solutions are added together and the product is still two aqueous solutions, so we would not see any change and no precipitate is formed.
So a physical change is something we can see, but a chemical change is not always something that we can see.
What is the shape of a molecule that has 3 atoms bonded to a central atom and no lone pairs of electrons?
Answer and Explanation: A molecule consisting of central atom with three bond pairs and one lone pair of electrons will have trigonal pyramidal shape.
What is the molarity of a nitric acid solution if 49.90 mL of a 0.01 KOH solution is needed to neutralize 20.00 mL of the acid solution?
The question requires us to calculate the molarity (or molar concentration) of a HNO3 solution, given the volume and concentration of a KOH solution used to neutralize a given volume of the acid.
The following information was provided by the question:
molarity of KOH solution = M(KOH) = 0.01 M = 0.01 mol/L
volume of KOH solution = V(KOH) = 49.90 mL
volume of HNO3 solution = V(HNO3) = 20.00 mL
To answer this question, we need to take a look at the neutralization reaction between HNO3 and KOH:
HNO3 + KOH -> KNO3 + H2O
From the reaction, we have that 1 mol of HNO3 is necessary to neutralize 1 mol of KOH. With this information, we can write that, to achieve complete neutralization:
number of moles of HNO3 = number of moles of KOH
Since the molarity of a solution is given by the following equation:
[tex]\text{molarity = }\frac{\text{number of moles (mol)}}{volume\text{ of solution (L)}}\to M=\frac{n}{V}[/tex]We can rearrange it to:
[tex]n=M\times V[/tex]And we can also write the equality between the number of moles of HNO3 and KOH as:
[tex]n_{HNO_3}=n_{KOH}\to M_{HNO_3}\times V_{HNO_3}=M_{KOH}\times V_{KOH}[/tex]And, since the concentration of KOH was provided, as well as the volumes of HNO3 and KOH necessary to achieve neutralization, we can apply these values to calculate the molarity of HNO3 using the equation above:
[tex]M_{HNO_3}\times V_{HNO_3}=M_{KOH}\times V_{KOH}\to M_{HNO_3}=\frac{M_{KOH}\times V_{KOH}}{V_{HNO_3}}[/tex][tex]M_{HNO_3}=\frac{(0.01\text{ mol/L)}\times(49.90\text{ mL)}}{(20.00\text{ mL)}}=0.02495\text{ mol/L}[/tex]Therefore, the molarity of the nitric acid solution is equal to 0.02495 mol/L.
What is the binding energy of a mole of nuclei with a mass defect of 0.00084
kg/mol?
A. 7.56 x 1016 J/mol
B. 7.56 x 1013 J/mol
C. 2.52 x 105 J/mol
D. 2.52 x 108 J/mol
The binding energy of a mole of nuclei with a mass defect of 0.00084kg/mol is 7.56 x 10¹³ J/mol (option B).
How to calculate binding energy?Binding energy is the energy needed to separate the constituent parts of an atom or nucleus; equivalent to the mass defect.
The binding energy of a nucleus can be calculated as follows:
Binding Energy = mass defect x c²
where;
c = speed of light in vacuum (2.9979 x 10⁸ m/s)According to this question, a nuclei with a mass defect of 0.00084kg/mol is given. The binding energy can be calculated as follows:
Binding energy = 0.00084 kg/mol × (2.9979 x 10⁸ )²
= 8.94e16 × 8.4 × 10-⁴
= 7.51 × 10¹³J
Therefore, 7.51 × 10¹³J/mol is the binding energy of the nuclei.
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A gas sample is prepared by mixing 15.0 g Cl₂ (70.90 g/mol) with 15.0 g Br2 (159.8 g/mol) to a total pressure of
862 mm Hg. What is the partial pressure in mm Hg of Br2 in the mixture
A gas sample is prepared by mixing 15.0 g Cl₂ (70.90 g/mol) with 15.0 g Cl₂ (159.8 g/mol) to a total pressure of 862 mmHg . The partial pressure in mm Hg of Br₂ in the mixture is 262.91 mmHg.
Dalton's law of partial pressures :
The mole fraction of gas × total pressure = partial pressure
mass of Cl₂ = 15.0 g
molar mass = 70.90 g/mol
no. of moles = mass / molar mass
= 15.0 g / 70.90 g/mol
= 0.211 mol
mass of Br₂ = 15.0 g
molar molar = 159.8 g/mol
no. of moles = mass / molar mass
= 15.0 / 159.8 g/mol
= 0.093 mol
Total moles = 0.211 mol + 0.093 mol
= 0.304 moles
Mole fraction of Br₂ = no. of moles of Br₂ / total moles
= 0.093 / 0.304
= 0.305
Total pressure = 862 mmHg
now putting the values in formula :
partial pressure of Br₂ = mole fraction of Br₂ × total pressure
= 0.305 × 862 mm Hg
= 262.91 mm Hg
Thus, A gas sample is prepared by mixing 15.0 g Cl₂ (70.90 g/mol) with 15.0 g Cl₂ (159.8 g/mol) to a total pressure of 862 mmHg . The partial pressure in mm Hg of Br₂ in the mixture is 262.91 mmHg.
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Question 7 of 8
How many mL HCI of a 0.100 M HCI solution is needed to completely neutralize
25.0 mL of a 0.350 M NaOH solution according to the balanced chemical reaction:
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → H₂O(l) + NaCl(aq)
The volume of HCl is needed to completely neutralize is 81.25 ml.
Formula of neutralization, M₁V₁ = M₂V₂
M₁ = concentration of HCl
V₁ = volume of HCl
M₂ = concentration of NaOH
V₂ = volume of NaOH
Put the value in M₁V₁ = M₂V₂
0.100 × V₁ = 25 × 0.325
V₁ = 25 × 0.325/ 0.100
V₁ = 81.25 ml
Hence, the volume of HCl is 81.25 ml.
In chemistry, neutralization or neutralization is a chemical reaction wherein acid and a base react quantitatively with every other. In a reaction in water, neutralization results in there being no excess of hydrogen or hydroxide ions present inside the answer.
whilst a strong acid reacts with a strong base the ensuing salt is neither acidic nor primary in nature i.e. it's far impartial for instance whilst HCl, a strong acid, reacts with NaOH, a robust base, the resulting salt is sodium chloride and water.
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Show the complete ionic and net ionic forms of the following equation. Have your
solubility rules open for this problem.
manganese(II) chloride(aq) + ammonium carbonate(aq) => manganese(II)carbonate(s) +
ammonium chloride(aq)
The complete ionic and net ionic forms of the following equation.
ionic equation :
Mn²⁺ + 2Cl²⁻ + 2NH₄⁺ + CO₃²⁻ -----> MnCO₃ + 2NH₄⁺ + 2Cl⁻
net ionic equation :
Mn²⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq) ----> MnCO₃(s)
according to question :
MnCl₂ + (NH₄)₂CO₃ ----> MnCO₃ + NH₄Cl
balanced molecular equation : with states
MnCl₂(aq) + (NH₄)₂CO₃(aq ----> MnCO₃(s) + 2NH₄Cl(aq)
the complete ionic equation as follows :
Mn²⁺ + 2Cl²⁻ + 2NH₄⁺ + CO₃²⁻ -----> MnCO₃ + 2NH₄⁺ + 2Cl⁻
Now cancel out the spectator ions on both side of equation , the reactant and the product, we get
Mn²⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq) ----> MnCO₃(s)
now, the complete net ionic equation is
Mn²⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq) ----> MnCO₃(s)
Thus, The complete ionic and net ionic forms of the following equation.
ionic equation :
Mn²⁺ + 2Cl²⁻ + 2NH₄⁺ + CO₃²⁻ -----> MnCO₃ + 2NH₄⁺ + 2Cl⁻
net ionic equation :
Mn²⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(aq) ----> MnCO₃(s)
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Daniel and Sanya are scientists. Daniel is studying whether the increasing frequency of tropical storms is affecting coastal erosion. Sanya is investigating whether the discharge from industrial plants has any impact on the pH concentration of freshwater swamps in the surrounding area. Which fields of science are Daniel’s and Sanya’s studies most closely related to?
Daniel’s field of study is related to
science, and Sanya’s field of study is related to
Daniel’s field of study is related to science, and Sanya’s field of study is related to the study of Earth and Space
This is further explained below.
What is Daniel’s field of study?Generally, According to the information that was provided, the researcher named Daniel was doing research on the impact that tropical storms have on the erosion of coastal areas.
These types of research are under the umbrella of the Earth and Space Studies discipline.
Earth, due to the fact that coastal erosions are a part of the study, and Space, due to the fact that storms, which are something that is connected to space, are studied.
When it comes to Sanya, it is quite evident that the emphasis of her research is on the discharges from the industrial facility that have an influence on the freshwater marshes. To be more specific, she is looking into the pH concentration, which is a topic covered in chemistry.
This demonstrates that Daniel majors in Earth and Space Sciences whereas Sanya focuses on Chemistry.
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If you dissolved 54 grams of ammonia in 100 grams of water at 400C would it be considered saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated? Why?
If you dissolved 54 grams of ammonia in 100 grams of water at 400°C then the solution is saturated
A saturated solution is a solution that has dissolved as much solute as it is capable of dissolving and in a saturated solution no more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature and we can make an saturated solution by keep on dissolving solute until no more solute can be dissolved
Here given data is dissolved 54 grams of ammonia in 100 grams of water at 400°C then the ammonia is totally dissolved in this 100 ml water
NH₃ + H₂O → NH₄OH
So, here ammonium hydroxide are formed which is saturated solution and when ammonia is dissolved in water the water molecule donate the proton to the NH₃ molecule and the solubility of ammonia decreases with the increases in of water solvent that's why when we dissolved 54 grams of ammonia in 100 grams of water at 400°C the solution is saturated
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Draw the arrow(s) required to go from the left structure to the right structure.
Answer:
See image below
Explanation:
To convert the left structure to the right structure, one pair of electrons on the oxygen is pushed down onto the carbon-oxygen bond (resulting in a double bond). This results in too many electrons on the top carbon. The electrons from the adjacent double bond are subsequently pushed onto the second carbon.
Methane CH_4 is a simple organic molecule that is used as a fuel—it is the major component of natural gas. The bottom of the ocean contains large amounts of methane hydrate (also called methane ice or methane clathrate), enough that it has been suggested as a major source of fuel. The methane hydrate contains 6 moles water for each mole of methane.
What percentage of methane hydrate is methane? =
What percentage is water?=
The percentage of methane is 12.9% and percentage of water is 87.09% in methyl hydrate.
It is given that for every methane molecule, 6 moles of water is present. Then the chemical formula of methane hydrate would be CH₄.6H₂O.The molecular mass of CH₄.6H₂O would be,
Molecular mass of CH₄.6H₂O = 12 + 4 + 6(2 +16)
= 124g/mol
To find the mass percentage of Methane, the following formula is to be used:
Mass percentage of CH₄ = (Mass of methane / Molecular mass of methane hydrate)x100
On substituting the values of mass of CH₄ and mass of CH₄.6H₂O we get,
Mass percentage = (16/124)100
Mass percentage of CH₄ = 12.9%
Therefore the mass percentage of CH₄ in CH₄.6H₂O is 12.9%
Similarly, to find the mass percentage of 6H₂O in methyl hydrate, the following formula is used:
Mass percentage of water = (Mass of 6H₂O/Molecular mass of CH₄.6H₂O)x100
On substituting the values of mass of 6.H₂O and CH₄.6H₂O we get,
Mass percentage of 6H₂O = (108/124)x100
Mass percentage of 6H₂O = 87.09%
Therefore the mass percentage of water in methyl hydrate is 87.09%
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Suppose you need to calibrate a calorimeter. You burn 0.744g of a fuel with an enthalpy of combustion of −48.7 kJ/g. If the temperature of water in the calorimeter increases by 10.6∘C during the reaction, what is the heat capacity of the calorimeter in kJ/C°?
suppose you need to calibrate a calorimeter. you burn 0.744 g of a fuel with an enthalpy of combustion of -48.7 kJ/g. if the temperature of water in the calorimeter increases by 106 °C during the reaction . the heat capacity of the calorimeter is 3.417 kJ/ °C.
Heat capacity equation is given by :
q = c ΔT
given that :
change in temperature ΔT = 106 °C
now, q = 0.744 g × ΔH
= 0.744 g × 48.7 kJ/g
q = 36.23 kJ
putting the value in formula :
q = c ΔT
c = q /ΔT
c = 36.23 kJ / 10.6 °C
c = 3.417 kJ/ °C
Thus, suppose you need to calibrate a calorimeter. you burn 0.744 g of a fuel with an enthalpy of combustion of -48.7 kJ/g. if the temperature of water in the calorimeter increases by 106 °C during the reaction . the heat capacity of the calorimeter is 3.417 kJ/ °C.
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If you mix 2.8 mol of A with 2.8 mol of B, what amount (moles) of A2B can be produced?
Answer: 1.4 mol A2B is produced.
Explanation: 2A + B = A2B, so there are 2 moles of A to every one mole of B.
So if 2.8 mol of A is present 1/2 that amount is made in A2B (and there will be extra B left over because A is the limiting reactant and you can't make more product than the least amount of reactant allows.
So 1.4 mole of A2B will be produced.
Working with a Copper solution, use a pipette transfers 10.0mL of a 2.63M Cu+ solution to 500mL flask (added H20 to the mark). Then transfer by pipette 5.0mL of the second solution to 100mL flask and enough water to the line mark on the flask.
Calculate concentration of the Cu+2 solution in the 100mL flask.________Molar
The final concentration of the solution is 0.13 M,
What is dilution?The term dilution has to do with a reduction in the concentration of a solution. We ought to note that the term concentration has to do with the amount of substance that we can find in a solution. There are several units that we could use in the measurement of the concentration of a solution and these include;
MolarityMolalityPercentageNormalityNow we are required to be able to obtain the concentration of the solution of the copper I ion that can be found in the flask that has only 100mL. Let us recall that the original solution had only 5 mL of it removed.
Given that;
C1V1 = C2V2
C1 = initial concentration
C2 = Final concentration
V1 = initial volume
V2 = final volume
C2 = C1V1/V2
C2 = 2.63M * 5.0mL/100 mL
C2 = 0.13 M
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What type of chemical reaction gives off heat t0 its surroundings
nswer
Explanation
An exothermic reaction is a type of chemical reaction that gives off heat to its surroundings. In an exothermic reaction, energy is released because the total energy of the products is less than the total energy of the reactants.
Answer:An exothermic Chemical Reaction
Explanation:
41
The flow of rivers is affected by natural environmental conditions and human activities.
Which of the following human activities would result in the most impact on the flow of
water in a river?
A. The release of water from a water treatment plant into the river
B. The development of a shopping center along the riverbank
C. Harvesting trees from a forest along the riverbank
D. Constructing a dam in the river
B. The development of a shopping center along the riverbank is the following human activities would result in the most impact on the flow of water in a river
How do factors can impact way water flows?By building dams to store water and by taking water for household, commercial, and agricultural uses, humans actively alter the dynamics of the water cycle. Water demand and supply are expected to be even more impacted by climate change.
Human development, including population increase, reliance on fossil fuels, urbanisation, intercontinental trade, and industrial and agricultural emissions, is typically the cause of environmental changes in rivers.
Acid rain allows nitrous oxide and sulphur dioxide from industries and power plants to infiltrate river systems. In certain places, sewage and wastewater are dumped into rivers. All creatures, from algae to vertebrates, are impacted by pollution when the pH of the water is lowered. As pH falls, biodiversity declines.
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Calculate the theoretical yield in grams All from the complete reaction of 18.3
grams Al according to the following balanced chemical equation:
2 Al(s) + 3 (s) →→
2 All(s)
(s)→ 2
The theoretical yield of aluminum iodide according to the reaction would be 276.5 grams.
Stoichiometric problemWe are looking to get the theoretical yield of aluminum iodide. This can be achieved by first getting the balanced equation of the reaction:
[tex]2Al + 3I_2 --- > 2AlI_3[/tex]
The mole ratio of Al that reacts and the [tex]AlI_3[/tex] that is produced is 1:1.
Recall that: mole = mass/molar mass.
18.3 grams of aluminum completely reacts:
Molar weight of aluminum = 26.98 g/mol
Mole of 18.3 g aluminum = 18.3/26.98
= 0.6782 mole
Since the mole ratio of Al and [tex]AlI_3[/tex] is 1:1, the equivalent mole of [tex]AlI_3[/tex] will also be 0.6782 mole.
Recall that: mass = mole x molar mass
Molar mass of [tex]AlI_3[/tex] = 407.695 g/mol
Mass of 0.6782 [tex]AlI_3[/tex] = 0.6782 x 407.695
= 276.5 grams
In other words, the theoretical yield of [tex]AlI_3[/tex] according to the reaction is 276.5 grams.
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How much energy is required to raise the temperature of 4.0 g of mercury metal from 9.3 oC to 83.0 oC.
From the specific heat capacity of mercury, the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 4.0 g of mercury metal from 9.3 °C to 83.0 °C is 77.792 J.
What is the specific capacity of mercury?The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of the substance by one degree Celsius or kelvin.
The specific heat capacity of a substance is a constant that can be used to calculate the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a given mass of a substance to any temperature.
The specific heat capacity of mercury is 0.140 J/g/k.
The formula for calculating specific heat capacity is given below:
Specific heat capacity, c = Δq/mΔT
where;
Δq = heat change
m = mass of the substance
ΔT = temperature change
The Heat required, Δq, will then be:
Δq = m * c * ΔT
Heat required, Δq = 4.0 * 0.140 * (83.0 - 9.3)
Heat required, Δq = 77.792 J
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Suppose 87.1 mL of a 0.190 M solution of Na2SO4 reacts with 143 mL of a 0.311 M solution of MgCl2 to produce MgSO4 and NaCl as shown in the balanced reaction Na2SO4(aq)+MgCl2(aq)⟶MgSO4(s)+2NaCl(aq)
1. Calculate the mass of MgSO4 that can be produced in the given reaction.
2. Only 0.212 g of MgSO4 are isolated after carrying out the reaction. Calculate the percent yield of MgSO4
a. The mass of MgSO₄ that can be produced in the given reaction is 1.985 grams.
b. The percent yield of MgSO₄ is 10.68%
The complete balanced chemical equation is,
Na₂SO₄(aq)+MgCl₂(aq)⟶MgSO₄(s)+2NaCl(aq)
We know,
Molarity(M) = number of moles(n)/per litres solution.
So,
Number of moles of Na₂SO₄ = Molarity × volume.
Moles of Na₂SO₄ = 0.190×0.0871
Moles of Na₂SO₄ = 0.016549 moles.
Moles of MgCl₂ = 0.311×0.144
Moles of MgCl₂ = 0.044473 moles.
As we can see, moles of Na₂SO₄ are present in less amount,
So Na₂SO₄ will be Limiting reagent and it will control the reaction.
So,
Moles of Na₂SO₄ = Moles of MgSO4
Moles of MgSO₄ = 0.016549 moles.
As we know,
Moles = Mass produced/molar mass
Molar mass of MgSO₄ = 120grams/mole
Putting the values,
0.016549 = mass of Mg produced/120
Mass of MgSO₄ produced = 1.985 grams.
b. Percentage yield formula,
Percentage yield = experimental mass/theoretical mass×100
Theoretical mass = 1.985 grams
Experimental mass = 0.212 grams.
Percentage yield = 0.212/1.985×100
Percentage yield of MgSO₄ = 10.68%
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