A molecule of oxygen needs to cross three (3) phospholipid bilayers when moving from outside of a eukaryotic cell to eventually be reduced by complex iv of the electron transport chain.
What is cellular respiration?Cellular respiration is a cellular process that involves oxide reduction reactions of oxygen molecules, which occur inside the mitochondria, a type of cell organelle that has two membranes.
Therefore, we can conclude that a molecule of oxygen needs to cross 3 phospholipid bilayers during the electron transport chain, which are represented by the cell membrane and external and internal membranes of the mitochondria.
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Salivary amylase is an enzyme that begins breaking down carbohydrates while the food is still in the mouth. Once the food passes into the stomach, what happens to the salivary amylase?.
Answer:Saliva contains special enzymes that help digest the starches in your food. An enzyme called amylase breaks down starches (complex carbohydrates)
Explanation:
between each presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron is a that is the fluid-filled space between them. each presynaptic neuron releases that binds with receptors in the segment of a postsynaptic neuron.
Between each presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron is a Synaptic cleft that is the fluid-filled space between them. Each presynaptic neuron releases a Neurotransmitter that binds with receptors in the Postsynaptic segment of a postsynaptic neuron.
The gap between the pre-and postsynaptic cells, also known as the synaptic cleft or synaptic gap, is around 20 nm (0.02 ) broad. Rapid changes in neurotransmitter concentration are made possible by the cleft's tiny volume. The primary purpose of the synaptic cleft is to create a place for the chemical transfer of nervous system information. These signals can also be regulated thanks to the synaptic cleft.
A postsynaptic neuron sends signals away from the synapse, whereas a presynaptic neuron sends signals toward a synapse. The synapse, a juncture where the terminal part of the axon contacts another neuron, is where information is transmitted from one neuron to another.
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Lightning strikes are unpredictable because
Lightening is so unpredictable because of the fact that areas with a high potential for electric energy within a given thunderstorm that are necessary to generate lightening are continuously changing as the storm progresses. Therefore the path that a bolt of lightening will take is almost completely random.
Students have been studying photosynthesis in their biology class and are using a computer simulation that allows them to test the effects of several variables on the products of both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis. In the simulation, they are able to increase or decrease the amounts of several compounds.
The prediction is that cell will produce some ATP but in much lower amounts than if oxygen was present if oxygen was removed from the muscle cell.
What is Respiration?This is referred to as the process in which an organism obtains energy which is usually in the form of ATP by combining oxygen and glucose, resulting in the release of carbon dioxide and water and is a vital metabolic process in the body.
Photosynthesis on the other hand is referred to as the process in which plants manufacture their food in the presence of sunlight and some compound such as water etc.
Since oxygen is vital in the production of energy then it therefore means that if oxygen was removed from the muscle cell then there will be a lower amount of ATP (energy) produced thereby making it the correct choice.
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The other part of the question is:
In one simulation, they are asked to change the initial concentrations of several gases, one at a time, to see the impact on ATP production in a muscle cell. If the students begin by removing oxygen from the muscle cell, what should they predict will occur?
if you commit a crime, you need to make sure that you do not leave even the smallest speck of blood, hair, or other organic matter from your body. if you do, the dna in this material can be amplified by , subjected to genetic analysis, and used to identify you as the perpetrator of the crime. question 7 options: pcr str analysis restriction digests
On a crime scene, even the smallest speck of blood, hair, or other organic matter from the culprit’s body is left. Then the DNA in this material can be amplified by using the PCR technique.
PCR stands for Polymerase chain reaction. This is a method used widely to make many copies of a specific DNA sample. This allows scientists to amplify a very small sample of DNA millions to billions of times and then they can match the DNA profile of the sample to that of the criminal.
Thus, PCR is an essential technique used by forensics to identify the preparator of the crime.
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2. Imagine that you arrived on the island before the tree
populations were extinct, but after the tree populations had
started to decline. Suggest a management plan that could have
helped the Easter Islanders save the tree populations from
extinction.
Answer:
Ecosystem collapse
Explanation:
Scientists have proven that the island was covered by forests until the 17th century. It's believed the trees were cut down by the ancestors of today's Easter Islanders in order to transport the giant stone statues - the Moai - as well as to build canoes, houses and fires to burn the dead.
the scapula and the clavicle generally move as a unit, and their only bony link to the axial skeleton is provided by the clavicle’s articulation with the .
the scapula and the clavicle generally move as a unit, and their only bony link to the axial skeleton is provided by the clavicle’s articulation with the sternum.
All of the limb bones as well as the bones that connect each limb to the axial skeleton are part of the appendicular skeleton. The pectoral girdle is made up of the bones that connect each upper limb to the axial skeleton (shoulder girdle). The scapula and clavicle are the two bones that make up this. On the front of the shoulder, on the S-shaped collarbone, is the clavicle. It is connected to the sternum of the thoracic cage, a component of the axial skeleton, near its medial end. Just above the shoulder joint, the clavicle's lateral end articulates (joins) with the scapula.
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the site where a motor neuron excites a skeletal muscle fiber is called the neuromuscular junction. this activity will test your understanding of the sequence of events that occur at the neuromuscular junction.
The correct order of occurrence from left to right of the events that occur at the neuromuscular junction after the action potential reaches the axon terminal is as follows:
Ca²⁺ enters the axon terminal.Synaptic vesicles release ACh.ACh binds to ACh receptors.Ligand-gated cation channels open.Na+ enters and K⁺ exits.Membrane potential is less negativeWhat is the neuromuscular junction?The neuromuscular junction is described as a synaptic connection between the terminal end of a motor nerve and a muscle. It is the site for the transmission of action potential from the nerve to the muscle.
The neuromuscular junction has three basic components which include
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This is the full question:
The site where a motor neuron excites a skeletal muscle fiber is called the neuromuscular junction. This activity will test your understanding of the sequence of events that occur at the neuromuscular junction.
Using the images for help, place in the correct order of occurrence from left to right the events that occur at the neuromuscular junction after the action potential reaches the axon terminal.
Dna is a double helix. a gene has the following sequence of bases. a c t a g a c g t during dna replication a mutation occurs so that the sequence now reads: a c t g g a c g t name the type of mutation that has occurred.
This is an example of base substitution mutation.
Single base substitutions are called point mutations. Point mutations that occur in DNA sequences encoding proteins are either silent, missense or nonsense. In the case of the DNA given in the question, it is noticed the complementary strand differs from the parent strand at the fourth base position: here, the adenine triphosphate is replaced with guanosine triphosphate in the complementary strand.
Furthermore, it is a transition type of point mutation because adenine and guanine are both purines. Transition point mutation is the substitution of either a purine for a purine or a pyrimidine for a pyrimidine.
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when similar characteristics are similar due to the existence of shared ancestry, what is this called group of answer choices homology bias convergent evolution homoplasy
When similar characteristics are similar due to the existence of shared ancestry, this is called as homology.
In the field of evolution, homology can be described as the existence of similar characteristics in organisms that are not similar due to their shared ancestry. Although these organisms might be completely different from each other now but a common characteristic arises in between them due to a common ancestor.
For example, the limbs of a bat and a human are homologous to each other because they are made of the same bone structure which was present in a common ancestor in between them.
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The process occurring at the sensory receptors that converts physical energy into coded neural activity that the nervous system can process is called __________. a. thermoreceptor processing b. cerebral cortex control c. sensory transduction d. accessory restructuring please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
The process occurring at the sensory receptors that convert physical energy into coded neural activity that the nervous system can process is called c. sensory transduction
In the field of science, we can define sensory transduction as a process by which a change in the physical environment is recognized by the sensory receptors. This information is changed into electrical signals that are transported along the neurons. The neurons transmit these action potentials to the CNS which interprets it and sends signals for producing a response through the effector neurons.
The sensory receptors detect any kind of environmental change and the physical energy of the neurons changes into a neural activity that is initiated by the nervous system in recognition of this change by the sensory receptors.
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Biology !! Please help
Hereby attaching an image that will help you understand the concept and find the answers:
What is the process of cellular respiration?The process by which organisms combine oxygen with food molecules, rerouting the chemical energy contained in these molecules into life-sustaining processes while excreting carbon dioxide and water as waste, is known as cellular respiration.
Organisms mix oxygen with food molecules during cellular respiration, directing the chemical energy in these substances toward life-sustaining processes while excreting carbon dioxide and water as waste.
While cells are respiring, oxygen may be present or not. However, because the cell seems to "respire" by ingesting molecular oxygen (as an electron acceptor) and releasing carbon dioxide, the process is essentially known as "cellular respiration" (as an end product).
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BIOLOGY!!
THE JOURNEY OF A FOOD PARTICLE THROUGH THE CELL
Answer the Question Below...
Are lungs hollow?
I will give brainliest please help me
Place the hierarchy of biological organization in the correct order, from largest to smallest.
small intestine
animal cell
epithelial tissue
digestive system
carbohydrate
carbon atom
Answer:
Digestive System
Small intestine
epithelial tissue
Animal cell
Carbohydrate
Carbon atom
Explanation:
If glucose is the sole energy source for cellular respiration in an animal, what proportion of the carbon dioxide exhaled is derived from oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl coa?.
The proportion of the carbon dioxide exhaled derived from the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA is 1/3.
Pyruvate is produced by glycolysis in the cytoplasm and its oxidation takes place in the mitochondrial matrix before chemical reactions begin, pyruvate enters the mitochondrion crossing the inner membrane and arriving at the matrix.
Pyruvate + NAD⁺ + CoA-SH ⇒ acetyl-CoA + NADH + CO₂
This is the reaction of the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl CoA.
1 molecule of pyruvate is converted into 1 molecule of carbon dioxide.
Also, 2 molecules of pyruvate are converted into 2 molecules of carbon dioxide (as glucose on glycolysis yields 2 molecules of pyruvate).
Acetyl-CoA also contributes to the citric acid cycle and generates two molecules of CO₂.
Pyruvate thus generates a total of 3 molecules of CO₂, whereas glucose generates 6 molecules of CO₂ (as glucose on glycolysis yields 2 molecules of pyruvate)
Thus, Fraction = 2/6 = 1/3.
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Define the term Saccharomyces❕
Ty :))
Answer:
HOPE THIS HELPS
Explanation:
It is a genus of fungi that includes many species of yeasts. It is gotten from two Greek words. It is very important in food production. They are unicellular and sapo trophic fungi. Scientific name: Saccharomyces
Higher classification: Saccharomycetaceae
Division: Ascomycota
Kingdom: Fungi
Answer:
Any of a genus (Saccharomyces of the family Saccharomycetaceae) of usually unicellular yeasts (such as a brewer's yeast) that are distinguished by their sparse or absent mycelium and by their facility in reproducing asexually by budding.An expert in demography is asked to predict changes to the population size of a small country. Which data about the country would be most useful for the expert to analyze? Select three answers.
A. population size
B. percentages of males and females
C. birthrate and death rate
D. age structure
E. population distribution between urban and rural areas
The data about the country that would be most useful for the expert to analyse are population size, Birth rate and death rate and Age structure. That is option A, C and D respectively.
What is population size?Population size is defined as the calculation of the number of individuals that are found in a particular geographical distribution.
This is an important tool when analysing a particular population.
The birth rate is defined as the number of births in every one thousand population while the death rate is the number of deaths in every one thousand population.
This parameter helps the expert to observe the effect of natural decrease or increase in the population under study.
Age structure: This structure shows the age composition of a particular population.
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How did later
scientists adjust Hutton's law
of uniformitarianism?
Answer:
What impact did Hutton's findings have on other scientists?
Hutton urged additional research into Earth's past among other scientists. What is one technique to study the history of Earth? to establish how rock structures and strata were produced.
Explanation:
i hope that helps!!
______ are formed in stars’ cores as a result of fusion.
Ultraviolet waves
Radio waves
Gamma rays
Infrared waves
Gamma rays are formed in stars’ cores as a result of fusion.
Gamma rays are produced during the breakdown of radioactive atomic nuclei and the decay of particular subatomic particles. Gamma rays are also produced via the procedure of pair annihilation, where an electron and its antiparticle, a positron, disappear and two photons are created. Inside the star's core gamma rays are produced through the following steps:
Two protons in the Sun fuse. The pair breaks apart again frequently, but occasionally one of the protons changes into a neutron through the weak nuclear force. With the conversion into a neutron, a positron and neutrino are formed, which results in proton-neutron pair known as deuterium.A third proton crashes with the composed deuterium. This collision influences the construction of a helium-3 nucleus and a gamma ray. These gamma rays emit out from the core of the Sun and are released.Two helium-3 nuclei collide, creating a helium-4 nucleus plus two extra protons that exit as two hydrogens.To learn more about gamma ray here
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1. The diagram compares diffusion of sugar
molecules and osmosis. Explain the
difference between osmosis and diffusion in
cells.
Sugar
molecules
Lipid bilayer
(cell membrane)
Outside c
Inside cell
The difference between Osmosis and Diffusion is: -
Osmosis- Plants can able to take in water from the soil via osmosis. Water seeps into the plant's roots because they have a higher concentration of solutes than the soil around them. Osmosis also affects guard cells in plants. These are cells which open and close on the leaf's underside to permit gas exchange via plasma membrane.
Diffusion- A substance diffuses when it moves from the a region of high concentration to one with a lower concentration. When particles in gases and liquids randomly collide and disperse, diffusion takes place. For living things, diffusion is a crucial mechanism because it governs how molecules enter and exit cells.
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Mark is diagnosed with the following symptoms hypertension, high pulse rate, fever, diaphoresis, dry mouth, nausea tingling of both hands, short of breath and chest feeling tight. which possible conditions might he be suffering from?
Mark could possibly be suffering from Ischemic Heart Disease.
What is Hypertension?A persistent medical disease called hypertension, often known as high blood pressure, causes the condition in which the blood to be greater than it should be. The heart must work harder than usual to pump more blood through all the blood arteries in this situation.
Based upon what the heart is doing, the pressure within the arteries varies. The pressure rises as the heart pumps blood through the arteries by contracting. The pressure drops when the heart unwinds. Systolic blood pressure is the maximum pressure recorded during a blood pressure reading. Diastolic blood pressure is the lowest pressure.
Two numbers are used to represent blood pressure. For instance, the human's systolic blood pressure in the image to the right was 158. They had a 99 systolic blood pressure reading.
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in a population that is in hardy-weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype is 0.09. what is the frequency of individuals that are homozygous for the dominant allele?
0.49 is the frequency of individuals that are homozygous for the dominant allele.
What does the homozygous dominant genotype frequency's Hardy-Weinberg symbol represent?[tex]p^{2}[/tex] + 2pq + [tex]q^{2}[/tex] = 1 is the Hardy-Weinberg equation used to calculate genotype frequencies. In this case, "[tex]p^{2}[/tex]" stands for the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype (AA), "2pq" for the heterozygous genotype (Aa), and "[tex]q^{2}[/tex]" for the homozygous recessive genotype (aa).P and q in Hardy-Weinberg: What are they?The Hardy-Weinberg Law, which is stated by the formula p + q = 1, is an equation for determining the frequencies of various genotypes and alleles in a population in genetic equilibrium. In this instance, p denotes the frequency of the dominant allele and q, that of the recessive allele.To learn more about Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium visit:
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Cite one problem and solution of human impact on ecosystem.
Positive effects of humans on the environment are possible. Humans can affect ecosystems in numerous ways, whether at the individual, communal, organizational, or governmental levels.
Describe an ecosystem:An ecosystem is a region where a bubble of life is created by plants, animals, and other organisms interact with the weather, landscape, and other factors. Abiotic variables, or nonliving elements, coexist with biotic components in ecosystems. Biotic components include plants, animals, and other species.
Which four ecosystems are examples?Agroecosystems, aquatic ecosystems, reefs, deserts, forests, human ecosystems, littoral zones, ocean life, prairies, rainforests, savannas, steppes, taiga, tundra, urban ecosystems, and others are some examples of ecosystems.
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What is Riccia?
Ty... ಠ∀ಠ
Riccia is a bryophyte.
Riccia is a genus of liverworts within the order Marchantiales. these vegetation are small and thalloid, that isn't always differentiated into root, stem and leaf.
Riccia is a bryophyte. Bryophytes have sporophytes which increase on the gametophyte.it's far formed after syngamy and is dependent on the gametophyte for vitamins. A based sporophyte is a function characteristic of bryophytes
The genus Riccia (liverworts) are small thalloid flora that aren't differentiated into roots, stems and leaves. they're dichotomously branched and shape rosettes. they're typically monoecious and their sexual organs are antheridia and archegonia. Asexual replica is by the mode of spores.
Riccia, genus of liverworts (small, creeping flowers) in the order Marchantiales, widely distributed all through the world.
Riccia fluitans is the most effective really aquatic liverwort in Florida. plants were accrued from scattered locales inside the northern, central, and southern areas. not like most different liverworts, it floats freely in tangled clumps or mats below the water floor.
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Using the table on the right as a guide, answer the following questions about light-independent reactions.
Describe the process of light-independent reactions.
What are the products of light-independent reactions?
A table entitled light-dependent reactions is shown. The requirements are light, energy and water. The site is the thylakoid membrane. The process is light energy splits water and excites electrons in chlorophyll. A T P and N A D P H are produced. The products are A T P, N A D P H, and oxygen.
The products of light-independent reactions include the following:
GlucoseNADP+Water (H₂O).What is photosynthesis?Photosynthesis can be defined as a biological and chemical process through which living organisms such as green plants (autotrophs) convert light energy (sunlight) received from the Sun into chemical energy, in order to enable them make their food.
The stages of photosynthesis.In Science, there are (2) main reactions that make up the process of photosynthesis and these include following:
Light-dependent reactions.Light-independent reactions.What are light independent reactions?Light independent reactions can be defined as a type of photosynthetic reaction that occurs in the stroma of the chloroplasts and it requires the following necessary inputs:
Carbon dioxideAdenosine triphosphate (ATP)NADPHAdditionally, NADPH, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and oxygen are the outputs (end products) of photosynthesis.
In this context, we can reasonably infer and logically deduce that glucose, water (H₂O), and NADP+ constitute the products of every light independent reactions.
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Do trees have cells?
Answer: yes
Explanation: all living things have cells
have a lovely day
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
There are cells in all living organisms
What is the best describes the graphs
The statement that best describes the graph is that the variables have a direct relationship. That is option B.
What is direct relationship of variables?Variables are said to be in a direct relationship when the increase of one variable leads to the increase of the other or when the decrease of one variable leads to the decrease of the other.
For example, the relationship between volume and temperature is a direct relationship because of the following reasons:
The graph is a straight line graph,The graph intercepts at the origin (0,0)Therefore, the graph shows a direct proportional relationship between the volume and the temperature.
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Describe the pathway taken by these molecules of carbon dioxide from the muscle cells to the blood
Explanation:
The blood can transport carbon dioxide in three different ways. Plasma proteins or haemoglobin hold it in place, it is dissolved directly in the blood, or it can be converted into bicarbonate.
Carbon dioxide is primarily transported by the bicarbonate system. The carbon dioxide diffuses into the red blood cells. Inside, carbonic anhydrase converts carbon dioxide into carbonic acid (H2CO3), which is subsequently hydrolyzed into bicarbonate (HCO−3) and H+. The H+ ion binds to haemoglobin in red blood cells, and bicarbonate is transported out of the red blood cells in exchange for a chloride ion. It is called the chloride shift.
The bicarbonate leaves the red blood cells and enters the blood plasma. The lungs transport bicarbonate back into the red blood cells in exchange for chloride. The H+ dissociates from haemoglobin and combines with bicarbonate to form carbonic acid with the help of carbonic anhydrase, which then catalyzes the reaction to turn carbonic acid back into water and carbon dioxide. As a result, carbon dioxide is expelled from the lungs.
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Calculate the force the man in applying to the van.
The force man is applying to push a van of 2000kg and acceleration of 0.05m/s/s is 100 N.
What is force?Force can move a body that is at rest and can also stop a moving body or slow it down. It can accelerate the speed of a moving body and can change the direction along with its shape and size of a moving body
The force is defined by Newton's second law of motion:
Force exerted by an object is equal to mass multiplied by acceleration
F = m ⨉ a.
SI units are Newtons for force, kilograms for mass, and meters per second squared for acceleration. A force can change velocity of the object with mass. It is a vector quantity as it has both magnitude and direction.
Given mass is 2000 kg and acceleration 0.05 m/s/s,
we can find force using formula:
F= m * a
= 2000 * 0.05
Force = 100 N
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