The 4 features that all cells have in common are Cytoplasm, plasma membrane, DNA, ribosomes. Further, the two types of cells are Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.
The Four Common elements of CellsFour elements are present in all cells: the cytoplasm, a jelly-like area inside the cell where other cellular components are located; the plasma membrane, an outer covering that separates the interior of the cell from its surrounding environment; the DNA, the genetic material of the cell; and the ribosomes, tiny particles that synthesize proteins.
Difference between Prokaryotes and EukaryotesProkaryotes, however, vary from eukaryotic cells in a number of ways. A prokaryotic cell is a straightforward, one-celled (unicellular) organism that is devoid of a nucleus or any other organelle that is membrane-bound. Soon, it will become clear that this is very different in eukaryotes.
In contrast to Archaea and eukaryotes, bacteria have peptidoglycan, which is composed up of sugars and amino acids, as well as polysaccharide capsules in many cases. The cell wall serves as an additional layer of defense, aids in maintaining the cell’s form, and stops dehydration.
The cell can adhere to surfaces in its environment thanks to the capsule. Fimbriae, pili, or flagella are present in several prokaryotes. While most pili are employed to exchange genetic material during conjugation, a sort of reproduction, flagella are used for motility.
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the half-life of a pesticide determines its persistence in the environment. a common pesticide degrades in a first-order process with a half-life of 7 days. what fraction (in decimal notation) of the pesticide remains in the environment after 11 days? enter to 4 decimal places.
According to the given statement 0.336 fraction of the pesticide remains in the environment after 11 days.
What does a biological half-life mean?The period of time needed for a biological system, like the human body, to eliminate 50% of the chemical (like radioactive material) that has been ingested through natural processes.
Briefing:For a first order reaction, [tex]$\frac{N}{N_0}=\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{\frac{t}{t^2} \frac{1}{2}}$[/tex]
N is remaining mass after "t" time is initial mass N₀, N/N₀ represents fraction of mass remains after "t" time and [tex]$t_{\frac{1}{2}}$[/tex] is half-life
Here t is 11 days and [tex]$t_{\frac{1}{2}}$[/tex] is 7 days
So, N/N₀
= (1/2)¹¹[tex]^/[/tex][tex]^7[/tex]
=(1/2)¹·⁵⁷
0.336 fraction of the pesticide remains in the environment after 11 days.
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genotype and allele frequencies describe the gene pool of the population. can only be calculated where there are two alleles at a locus. describe the genetic structure of the population. are always determined by counting every individual in the population. are used to know how many individuals live in the population.
Genotype and allele frequencies describe the genetic structure of the population., and describe the gene pool of the population.
An organism's genotype is made up of all of its genetic components. The term "genotype" can also refer to the alleles or variants that a person possesses in a specific gene or genetic region. By dividing the total number of copies of all the alleles at that specific genetic locus in the population by the number of times the allele of interest is observed in a population, an allele frequency can be computed.
A fraction, a percentage, or a decimal can be used to express allele frequencies. From the time of embryonic development to adulthood, an individual's genotype determines their inherited potentials and restrictions.
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For each molecule of glucose, glycolysis only makes 2 atp, the krebs cycle only makes 2 atp and the etc makes 34 atp. If the suspects had given jared the 2-deoxyglucose poison, would the decrease in atp concentration be smaller, the same or larger as when they used cyanide? explain your answer.
If the suspects had given jared the 2-deoxyglucose poison, would the decrease in ATP concentration be larger as when they used cyanide.
The biggest drop in ATP concentration will occur. This is due to the 2-deoxyglucose toxin's extreme inefficiency in the ATP production pathway.
The onset of glycolysis marks the beginning of the energy-producing process. Two ATPs are produced and glucose is broken down into a simpler substance during the process of glycolysis, which gives the body energy.
Since the presence of 2-deoxyglucose toxin disrupts the earliest stage of the energy-making process. Our findings lead us to the conclusion that there will be a greater decrease in ATP production.
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tamara’s muscle weakness and fatigue becomes progressively worse over the course of the day. this is a hallmark sign of myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disorder that affects the ability of a motor neuron to communicate with a muscle fiber. what synaptic events must happen first for excitation to occur? tamara’s muscle weakness and fatigue becomes progressively worse over the course of the day. this is a hallmark sign of myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disorder that affects the ability of a motor neuron to communicate with a muscle fiber. what synaptic events must happen first for excitation to occur? acetylcholine is released from the axon terminal and diffuses across the synapse to bind to a receptor in the surface of the motor end plate. calcium binds to tropomyosin, shifting it from the active site on actin, allowing cross bridge formation to occur as myosin binds to the active site. the action potential travels down the t tubules in the sarcolemma and triggers the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. sodium ions from the extracellular fluid diffuse into the cytosol of the muscle fiber, triggering the generation of an action potential in the sarcolemma.
The excitation of Myasthenia gravis is caused by an error in the transmission of nerve impulses to muscles. It happens when the neuromuscular junction, where the nerve and the muscle normally communicate, is damaged.
Chemicals called neurotransmitters are used by neurons, or brain cells, to transmit information. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that is normally released by nerve endings in response to electrical signals or impulses traveling down a motor nerve. Acetylcholine then binds to acetylcholine receptors in the muscle. Acetylcholine activates the muscle and induces a contraction when it binds to its receptor.
The neuromuscular junction's acetylcholine receptors are blocked, altered, or destroyed by antibodies (immune proteins made by the body's immune system) in myasthenia gravis, which stops the muscle from contracting. The acetylcholine receptor itself is most frequently the culprit, however, antibodies to other proteins, such as the MuSK (Muscle-Specific Kinase) protein, can also interfere with signal transmission at the neuromuscular junction.
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snail, like humans,perform cellular respiration to obtain energy. what gas do snails need as an input to perform cellularrespiration to obtain energy. what gas do snails need as an input to perform cellular respiration?
The gas that snails need as an input to perform cellular respiration and thus obtain energy is oxygen.
What is cellular respiration?Cellular respiration is a chemical process in which aerobic cells use oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP. During cellular respiration, oxygen acts as an acceptor of electrons during the electron transport chain, a key cellular process to generate energy by coupling it with a proton gradient and the work of ATP synthetase.
Therefore, we can conclude that oxygen is a fundamental gas that is required to carry out oxide reduction reactions in cellular respiration.
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when a double-stranded dna molecule is exposed to high temperature, the two strands separate, and the molecule loses its helical form. we say the dna then has been denatured. (denaturation also occurs when dna is exposed to acid or alkaline solutions.)
The A-T-rich regions denature first because-
A-T base pairs only have 2 hydrogen bonding.
C-G base pairs have 3 hydrogen bonding.
What is hydrogen bonding?Instead of forming a covalent bond with an atom of hydrogen, hydrogen bonding is a specific form of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules. It comes about as a result of the attraction between a hydrogen atom that is covalently attached to a very electronegative atom, like an N, O, or F atom, and another extremely electronegative atom. Strengths of hydrogen bonding per mole range from 4 kJ to 50 kJ. The fact that water has a high boiling point (100 °C) compared to the other group-16 hydrides, which have significantly weaker hydrogen bonds, is specifically due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The secondary and tertiary structures of proteins and nucleic acids are in part due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding. It also has a significant impact on the structure of polymers, both man-made and organic.
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The complete question is-
"When a double-stranded DNA molecule is exposed to high temperature, the two strands separate, and the molecule loses its helical form. We say the DNA has been denatured. (Denaturation also occurs when DNA is exposed to acid or alkaline solutions.)
a. Regions of the DNA that contain many A-T base pairs are the first to become denatured as the temperature of a DNA solution is raised. Thinking about the chemical structure of the DNA molecule, why do you think the A-T-rich regions denature first?"
Water boils and becomes a gas at 100°c .What are the states of sodium ,chlorine and sodium chloride at 100°c ?
Answer:
NaCl will be left after 100C. Because sodium will actively react with water and disappear. Chlorine is gaseous at room temperature. Water will evaporate and sodium chloride will left because of condensation.
Explanation:
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Which statement BEST explains why lipid molecules are generally insoluble in water?
A.
Carbon-hydrogen bonds are non-polar.
B.
Carbon-hydrogen bonds are polar.
C.
Carbon-oxygen bonds are non-polar.
D.
Carbon-oxygen bonds are polar.
Answer:
Explanation:
A
Choose two correct options.
How do bacteria help the nitrogen cycle?
1. They release nitrogen into the air.
2. They help release chemicals from dead plants and animals.
3. They make nitrogen chemicals which plants can use.
4. Bacteria build plant protein.
5. Bacteria do not help the nitrogen cycle.
Answer: the answer is 1 & 3
Explanation: hope this answers tour question. :) <3
Explain why there are rings of cartilage around the trachea.
Answer:
The primary function of the rings is to support the trachea from collapsing in on itself when there is no air being inhaled/exhaled.
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You will now analyze your design and make connections to urbanization concepts. Answer in complete sentences. As the population grows, more homes and resources are needed: What types of environmental problems could your city experience with population growth? What changes could you make to your design to make it more prepared for population growth? You were asked to avoid areas with water, wetlands, forests, or places with heavy rainfall or snow. Why was this important to protecting the environment? Explain how housing placement can lead to some residents getting fewer resources than others. How would lack of resources affect the health of residents? What concept of arcology in the lesson appealed to you the most? How would you incorporate an arcology concept into your community design?
1. (a) The impact of such a lot of human beings at the surroundings takes two important paperwork: intake of sources inclusive of land, meals, water, air, fossil fuels and minerals. Waste merchandise as a result of intake which include air and water pollution, poisonous substances and greenhouse gases.
1. (b) Although population growth within the 20th and twenty first centuries has skyrocketed, it may be slowed, stopped and reversed via actions which beautify worldwide justice and improve human beings lives. underneath the United international locations' maximum constructive situation, a sustainable reduction in global populace may want to take place within decades.
2. Because of pollutants and deforestation, the health of many humans is terrible. protecting the environment would clearly improve the fitness of human beings. Maximum noteworthy, saving surroundings could lessen many sicknesses. Saving environment might genuinely guard the animals.
3. The health of human beings with low incomes often suffers because they can't manage to pay for good enough housing, meals, or infant care. Such living conditions, and the pressure they reason, can cause better quotes of tobacco and alcohol use and growth the risk of health issues developing or worsening over time.
4. The principle principle of arcology is to opposite city sprawl, which may be completed by means of creating communities and structures which are self-maintaining isolated from the outdoor world.
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Prokaryotes can be divided by the way they obtain energy and nutrients. Which of the following correctly matches the name of the group of prokaryotes with the source of their energy and nutrition? (Answers choices in the photo.)
The group of prokaryotes that correctly match their description, is the one onf the third answer option (c option), since in that point we can see how photoautotrophs use sunlight to develop their metabolism, carrying out photosynthesis process to produce glucose.
There are sensory receptors located in human skin that register specific stimuli such as _________. a. happiness b. pain c. tickles d. relief please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
There are sensory receptors located in human skin that register specific stimuli such as b. pain
The sensory receptors contain specific nerve endings in them that detect certain changes in environmental stimuli. After the sensory receptors have detected a change in the stimuli, the neurons carry this message to the central nervous system which interprets the message from the neurons and sends a response via the effector neurons.
The sensory receptors present in the skin can help us detect pain when we hit something or when a certain part of the body faces damage. There are other stimuli that can also be detected by the skin due to the sensory receptors such as hotness, coldness etc.
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Answer: b
Explanation:
because it is
basepair the codons to the anticodons 3 ′ gcg 5 ′, 3 ′ acc 5 ′, and 3 ′ agg 5 ′, taking the wobble hypothesis into account. there may be more than one answer choice per anticodon. not all answer choices will be used.
Anticodon: 3' GCG 5'⇒ Codons: 5' CGC 3' and 5' CGU 3'
Anticodon: 3' ACC 5'⇒ Codon: 5' GUG 3'
Anticodon: 3' AGG 5'⇒ Codons: 5' UCU 3' and 5' UCC 3'
What is its anticodon?During protein synthesis at a ribosome, a triplet of dna nucleotides in transfer RNA that specifies the amino acid transported binds to a complementary codon in messenger RNA.
What use do codons and anticodons function?An mRNA codon is a triplet or triple-nucleotide sequence that codes for a specific amino acid during translation. A three-nucleotide region called the anticodon is present on tRNA and binds to the corresponding mRNA sequence. The anticodon made explicit which amino acid is delivered by the tRNA molecule.
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1
In which of the following ways does the respiratory system help to maintain homeostasis
during exercise?
Answer:
The respiratory system maintains homeostasis during exercise by increasing breathing rate to match the consumption of oxygen to make ATP. Your lungs also increase in size during exercise. This happens so that your body can take in more oxygen and get rid of the extra carbon dioxide that has built up in the blood. These processes work together in many ways for the respiratory and circulatory systems achieve homeostasis during exercise
Explanation:
The venomous lion fish is native to the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean. This fish has recently been introduced into the Atlantic Ocean. This makes the lion fish an ___________.
Answer:
I believe the answer is invasive species
(Please let me know if its wrong)
Answer: an invasive species
Explanation:
the animal is brought to a new area which the other fish might not attack it but it will for survival.
I think
Select the part whose main job is to control which substances enter and leave a plant cell?
Answer:
Answer down below!
Explanation:
It's the Cell Membrane
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Are vesicles found in plant cells, animal cells, or both?
Answer:
both
in plants cells, there is one large while in animal cells there are many in small sizes
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place these events in the correct order as they would occur in the production of atp fueled by the energy collected by photosystem ii. begin with the first event to occur at the top of the list.
In photosystem II Electrons pass along the ETC Hydrogen ion gradient is established Hydrogen ions flow through ATP synthase.
Photosystem II is the first membrane protein complex in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms in nature. It produces atmospheric oxygen to catalyze the photo-oxidation of water by using light energy. It oxidizes two molecules of water into one molecule of molecular oxygen.
Photosystem II generate ATP in the light reactions of photosynthesis. Electrons are transferred sequentially between the two photosystems, with photosystem I acting to generate NADPH and photosystem II acting to generate ATP. PSII comes first in the path of electron flow, but it is named as second because it was discovered after PSI.
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10 One reason a fish that lives in the ocean may have
trouble living in a freshwater lake is that
(1) there are more carnivores in freshwater
habitats
(2) salt water holds more dissolved nitrogen than
fresh water
(3) more photosynthesis occurs in fresh water
than in salt water
(4) water concentration in the fish is affected by
salt levels in its environment
Answer:
(4)
the freshwater will, through osmosis, enter the fish, causing its cells to swell, and the fish will die.
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Water concentration in the fish is affected by salt levels in its environment.
Why a fish that lives in the ocean may have trouble living in a freshwater lake?Fish that live in the ocean have adapted to the high levels of salt in the water, and their bodies have developed mechanisms to maintain the proper balance of water and electrolytes. When these fish are placed in a freshwater lake, the low salt concentration causes water to enter the fish's body, leading to an imbalance in the fish's internal fluids and potentially causing harm or death.
This is known as osmoregulation. This is the main reason why a fish that lives in the ocean may have trouble living in a freshwater lake.
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Which of the following best describes liquefaction?
O a large wave triggered by an earthquake, volcano, meteorite impact, or landslide
O a rhythmic movement (sloshing back and forth) of water in a lake, pool, or
stream
O soft sediment flows like a liquid causing buildings to sink or tip over
O water reacts with minerals to form new minerals
Among the following which best describes liquefaction is soft sediment flows like a liquid causing buildings to sink or tip over .
What is liquefaction?When there is a significant ground tremble, loosely packed, water-logged sediments at or near the ground surface begin to liquefy. During earthquakes, liquefaction that occurs beneath buildings and other structures can seriously harm those structures.
Liquefaction is a term used in physics and chemistry to describe the phase transitions from solid to liquid (melting and condensation, respectively). The temperature and pressure at which a solid turns into a liquid are known as the melting point or liquefaction point, respectively.
various liquefactions.
A liquefaction in motion.
B. Cyclical Softening
B–1 Cyclic Liquification
Cyclic Displacement,
B- 2.
C: Surface Liquification
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you heat kill "virulent" type iiis pneumococcus, homogenize this mixture and then treat it with rnase. next, you incubate this mixture with "avirulent" type iir pneumococcus and then inject the bacteria into live mice. do you expect the mice to get sick? why or why not?
Pneumococcus of type IIIS (virulent) is killed by heating the mixture, which is subsequently homogenized and the bacteria are subsequently injected into living mice.
When the IIIS bacteria are treated with DNase and heated to death. DNA will then breakdown as a result of DNase. The living IIR bacteria cannot undergo any changes or transformations as a result of this DNA. Mice won't perish. Because DNA is the transforming principle and the DNase degrades DNA, this occurs. DNA is responsible for turning virulent organisms into non-virulent ones.Any infection brought on by the pneumococcus, also known as Streptococcus pneumoniae, is known as pneumococcal disease (noo-muh-KOK-uhl). Ear, sinus, and bloodstream infections can all be caused by pneumococcal infections, as well as pneumonia.Of healthy individuals, 5 to 90% may have the bacteria in their nasopharynx.To know more about virulent here
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You know that all eleven body systems work together in the human body. What would happen if a system stopped working?
what is the difference between high and low fitness
The process of mitosis is sometimes compared to the asexual reproduction of simple organisms because of the similarities that they share. Which of the following is a similarity that mitosis and asexual reproduction share?
Answer:
cell divide to form a new species
Both mitosis and asexual reproduction both divide cells to form a new species.
What do you mean by mitosis and asexual reproduction?Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in the number of chromosomes.
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei. Cell division by mitosis gives rise to genetically identical cells in which the total number of chromosomes is maintained.
Therefore, some organisms can use mitosis to reproduce asexually. The offspring of asexual reproduction are genetically identical to each other and to their parent. Most single-celled, microorganisms reproduce asexually by duplicating their genetic material and dividing in half.
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How should it help with the problem of acid rain
Answer:
how should what help with the problem of acid rain
Please I need help!
If glycogen or starch were hydrolyzed, the result would be the same. Many _________ molecules (name the specific molecule) would be the result.
If glycogen or starch were hydrolyzed, the result would be the same. Many glucose molecules would be the result.
What is hydrolysis?The term hydrolysis carries with it the ide of cutting down into pieces. Image that I have this long stick that I have made by the process of jogging a lot so small sticks together. As I joining the long sticks, I have been able to make this stick that is very much long. ow I want to get back the smaller sticks that I have joined, all I need to do is to use a little knives to cut out all the sticks from the points that they were joined.
This is exactly the idea that has to do with hydrolysis. It is the breakdown of a macromolecule into the small monomers that form it. Having said this, let us remind each other that starch and glycogen are both made of glucose.
It then follows now that the hydrolysis of starch and glycogen would produce many molecules of glucose.
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Audrey bought various vegetables at the supermarket and brought them home but not to eat. She put a stalk of celery in purple-dyed water to observe its_________. She then observed the tuber roots of potatoes and their_________
She put a stalk of celery in purple-dyed water to observe its capillary action. She then observed the tuber roots of potatoes and their eyes.
Capillary action is the system of a liquid flowing in a slender space without the assistance of, or even in opposition to, any outside forces like gravity.
Capillary action is the movement of water in the spaces of a porous cloth due to the forces of adhesion, cohesion, and floor anxiety. It's miles the ability of a liquid to float in narrow spaces without the assistance of, and every now and then in competition to, outside forces like gravity.
It happens because of intermolecular forces among the liquid and surrounding stable surfaces. If the diameter of the tube is adequately small, then the aggregate of surface anxiety, that is as a result of cohesion in the liquid and adhesive forces among the liquid and field wall act to propel the liquid.
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Can someone help me identify what the parts of this (40x) magnified (thicket creeper) leaf is??
The parts of the above leaf magnified are called "veins" or Phloem. A more scientific group name is "Vascular Structure"
What comprises the vascular structure of a leaf?The xylem, which transfers water and dissolved nutrients from the roots to the leaves, and the phloem, which delivers food from the leaves to all sections of the plant, are the two principal vascular tissues.
The phloem is the vascular tissue in responsible of organic nutrition transfer and distribution. The phloem serves as a signaling system as well as a structural role in the plant body.
It is normally made up of three types of cells:
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individuals of a fish species living in a river have varying oxygen level requirements. a nearby factory accidentally releases pollutants into the river, causing oxygen levels in the water to decrease. within a few generations, the percentage of fish with lower oxygen requirements has increased in the river. conversely, the percentage of fish with higher oxygen requirements has decreased. what form of selection has taken place in this population? stabilizing selection disruptive or diversifying selection frequency‑dependent selection directional selection
Answer:
directional selection
Explanation:
As well i have done this in biology
hope it helps though!